Optimization of Node Duplex Mode for Network-Assisted Full-Duplex Low-Altitude CF-RAN Systems With UAVs

In the low-altitude three-dimensional coverage scenario with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), user data requirements change quickly and the asymmetry of uplink and downlink traffic is hard to address. We utilize cell-free radio access networks (CF-RAN) to support dynamic scenario due to its cooperative capability and scalability, and adopt network-assisted full-duplex (NAFD) to support flexible duplex communication by selecting appropriate node duplex modes according to the traffic in real-time. Considering the scalable minimum mean square error (MMSE) receiver and regularized zero-forcing (RZF) precoding scheme, the closed-form expressions of uplink spectral efficiency with infinite block-length regime and the lower bound of downlink spectral efficiency with finite block-length communication (FBLC) regime are derived. Based on these expressions, we propose a multi-objective optimization problem (MOOP) to maximize and balance the spectral efficiency of upink and downlink by optimizing the duplex mode of remote radio units (RRUs) and solving it with deep Q-learning (DQN) algorithm. Simulation results verify the accuracy of derived expressions, the effectiveness of the proposed optimization algorithm and the superiority of NAFD technique in low-altitude CF-RAN system.