Isolated microspore culture for embryoid production in Artemisia annua L.

The haploidy technique is a useful tool for quickly producing pure, fully homozygous lines. Artemisia annua L. is a medicinal plant that produces artemisinin, a widely used antimalarial drug. Because of its extremely small flowers (≤ 3.0 mm), this study conducted microscopic observations to determine the types of flowers of A. annua suitable for microspore embryogenesis, as well as their corresponding microspore development stages, and obtained embryoids (non-zygotic embryos) from isolated microspore cultures. The media for inducing embryoid production were based on Nitsch and Nitsch medium containing 13