Superconducting Integrated Filters for Kinetic-Inductance Traveling-Wave Parametric Amplifiers

The sky contains plenty of information about star formation, galaxy evolution and the cosmic microwave background at microwaves and millimeter waves. Most astronomical observations require coherent amplification of weak signals from the sky to enable readout. Superconducting kinetic-inductance traveling-wave parametric amplifiers (KI - TWP As) have demonstrated quantum-limited noise performance across over-an-octave bandwidths. At the same time, the semiconductor low-noise amplifiers (LNAs) are necessary as subsequent amplification stages to bring the readout signals amplitudes to usable levels.