Finding Candidate TeV Halos among Very-High Energy Sources
arxiv(2024)
摘要
We search for possible pulsar TeV halos among the very-high-energy (VHE)
sources reported in different VHE surveys, among which in particular we use the
results from the first Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO)
catalog of γ-ray sources. Six candidates are found. They share the
properties of containing a middle-aged, gamma-ray–bright pulsar in their
positional error circles (the respective pulsars are J0248+6021, J0359+5414,
J0622+3749, J0633+0632, J2006+3102, and J2238+5903), being in a rather clean
field without any common Galactic VHE-emitting supernova remnants or (bright)
pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe), and showing the absence of any gamma-ray emissions
in 0.1–500 GeV after removing the pulsars' emissions. Combining with several
(candidate) TeV halos reported, we find nearly the same relations as previously
ones between their luminosities at 50 TeV, L_ 50TeV, and the
corresponding pulsars' spin-down luminosities, Ė, which are L_
50TeV∼Ė^0.9 and L_ 50TeV/Ė∼ 6.4× 10^-4. We
probe possible connections between the extension sizes of the VHE sources and
the pulsars' ages, and find a weak trend of being older and smaller. By
comparing to the VHE detection results for PWNe, it is clear to see that the
(candidate) TeV halos have hard emissions by having their power-law indices
smaller than 2 in 1–25 TeV or only being detected in 25–100 TeV. In
addition, we also consider other seven VHE sources as possible TeV halos
because of different study results for them, but they do not cleanly fit in the
properties listed above, indicating their potential complex nature.
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