MXene-based Q-switched fiber laser and application in laser thrombolysis

Near-infrared band fiber lasers exhibit strong water absorption capabilities, and their photothermal effects are often harnessed in the field of laser medical surgery. In this work, a 1.5-mu m Q-switched fiber laser was realized by incorporating MXene, demonstrating its excellent performance as a saturable absorber. The output pulsed laser was amplified to achieve a maximum power of 500 mW, after which a self-made thrombus model was ablated to observe the experimental phenomenon. The obtained pulsed laser was compared with continuous wave laser thrombolysis under the same conditions. The results indicated that the 1.5-mu m Q-switched fiber laser possesses thrombolytic capabilities, and the surface ablation depth and damage area of the thrombus were determined at various time and power levels. The pulsed laser thrombolysis has a smaller damage area and a greater penetration depth compared with continuous wave laser.