Cavity Detection of Gravitational Waves: Where Do We Stand?
arxiv(2024)
Abstract
High frequency gravitational waves (HFGWs) are predicted in various exotic
scenarios involving both cosmological and astrophysical sources. These elusive
signals have recently sparked the interest of a diverse community of
researchers, due to the possibility of HFGW detection in the laboratory through
graviton-photon conversion in strong magnetic fields. Notable examples include
the redesign of the resonant cavities currently under development to detect the
cosmic axion. In this work, we derive the sensitivities of some existing and
planned resonant cavities to detect a HFGW background. As a concrete scenario,
we consider the collective signals that originate from the merging of compact
objects, such as two primordial black holes (PBHs) in the asteroid mass window.
Our findings improve over existing work by explicitly discussing and
quantifying the loss in the experimental reach due to the actual coherence of
the source. We elucidate on the approach we adopt in relation with recent
literature on the topic. Most notably, we give a recipe for the estimate of the
stochastic background that focuses on the presence of the signal in the cavity
at all times and showing that, in the relevant PBH mass region, the signal is
dominated by coherent binary mergers.
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