Which adolescents are more likely to complete home-based sleep manipulation trials?

Objectives Attrition and nonadherence are common concerns that can distort findings in clinical trials. This study examines the potential for systematic attrition in the largest sample to date of adolescents undergoing sleep manipulation. Methods Using pooled data across two trials involving 242 adolescents, a cumulative logistic regression tested whether demographics and baseline sleep predicted study completion/adherence. Results Race, a composite measure of socioeconomic status, and its elements (e.g., income, education) individually predicted completion/adherence. When entered concurrently into a multivariate predictive model, only socioeconomic status and study (trial A vs. B) were significant. Adolescents from households with higher socioeconomic status were more likely to complete or adhere to the protocol than those from households with lower socioeconomic status, p < .001. Conclusions Systematic attrition in sleep manipulation research could distort conclusions about under-resourced groups. Future sleep trials should intentionally measure systemic/structural factors and adopt strategies to recruit and retain participants from various backgrounds.