Encapsulating Sb/MoS₂ Into Carbon Nanofibers Via Electrospinning Towards Enhanced Sodium Storage

Metallic antimony (Sb) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) are identified as promising anode materials for sodium ion batteries (SIBs) owing to their high theoretical capacities. Herein, both Sb and MoS2 are integrated and fully embedded into carbon nanofibers (CNFs) to form Sb/MoS2@CNFs nanocomposite via an electrospinning technique followed by heat treatment. When employed as anode material for SIBs, the Sb/MoS2@CNFs electrode presents a reversible capacity of 282.7 mAh g(-1) after 300 cycles at 1 A g(-1), and even 197.5 mAh g(-1) after 1350 cycles at a high current density of 5 A g(-1). The superior sodium storage performance of the Sb/MoS2@CNFs can be ascribed to the synergistic effect of the integrated Sb/MoS2 components and their full encapsulation into the one-dimensional (1D) conductive carbon nanofibers. The well-dispersed Sb/MoS2 nanoparticles ensure good Na+ ions accessibility and high storage capacity, while 1D nanostructure facilitates ion/electron transport, tolerates the volume expansion, and prevents the Sb/MoS2 nanoparticles from aggregating during cycling. This work provides a simple and efficient synthetic route of multicomponent anode materials in advanced SIBs.