SAPPHIRE- establishment ofsmallanimalproton andphotonimage-guidedradiationexperiments.

The in vivo evolution of radiotherapy necessitates innovative platforms for preclinical investigation, bridging the gap between bench research and clinical applications. Understanding the nuances of radiation response, specifically tailored to proton and photon therapies, is critical for optimizing treatment outcomes. Within this context, preclinical in vivo experimental setups incorporating image guidance for both photon and proton therapies are pivotal, enabling the translation of findings from small animal models to clinical settings. TheSAPPHIREproject represents a milestone in this pursuit, presenting the installation of the small animal radiation therapy integrated beamline (SmART+ IB, Precision X-Ray Inc., Madison, Connecticut, USA) designed for preclinical image-guided proton and photon therapy experiments at University Proton Therapy Dresden. Through Monte Carlo simulations, low-dose on-site cone beam computed tomography imaging and quality assurance alignment protocols, the project ensures the safe and precise application of radiation, crucial for replicating clinical scenarios in small animal models. The creation of Hounsfield lookup tables and comprehensive proton and photon beam characterizations within this system enable accurate dose calculations, allowing for targeted and controlled comparison experiments. By integrating these capabilities,SAPPHIREbridges preclinical investigations and potential clinical applications, offering a platform for translational radiobiology research and cancer therapy advancements.