Combined MA-XRF, MA-XRPD and SEM-EDX analysis of a medieval stained-glass panel formerly from Notre Dame, Paris reveals its material history

•Unambiguous distinction between original 13th century glass paints and later restorations and conservation treatments.•Excellent screening for the distribution of glass paint and for the documentation of glass alteration.•Preceding non-invasive analysis techniques (MA-XRF and MA-XRPD) to select the sampling locations in an optimal manner and to limit the number of samples needed for an invasive analysis technique.•To the best of the authors knowledge, the first study that uses a mobile XRPD scanner for the analysis of stained glass windows.