Simulation test on shaft deformation induced by mining subsidence under similar gravity field in deep soil strata

Many shafts in China have experienced large deformations in the deep soil Strata, which has had a significant impact on mining safety. This study conducted a geotechnical model test called the seepage force model to address the deformation issues of shafts caused by mining solid mineral resources in regions with deep soil strata. This test simulated the impact of mining disturbance on shaft deformation within the soil section. The simulation utilized monitoring data from the model shaft, facilitating the determination of deflection displacements across different protection areas. The findings indicated a nearly linear relationship between the maximum horizontal displacement of the shaft and the mining coal seam thickness. The shaft protection areas within the soil section were reconfigured by modifying the movement angle from 45° to 37.6°. Consequently, the maximum horizontal displacements of the prototype shaft decreased to 73.8, 112.7, and 170.9 mm for mining coal thicknesses of 2.7, 5.3, and 8.0 m, respectively. These values represent 26