Isoflavone profile and soybean quality: Effects of genotype, cultivation environment and storage

The interaction between soybean genotypes and environmental conditions alters the chemical and phytochemical composition of soybeans. These changes influence the quality of soybeans during storage. Therefore, the study analyzed the influence of soybean genotypes (BMX ALVO RR, DM 57I52RSF IPRO, BRS 5601 RR, and 95r51), cultivation environment (Bagé, Cachoeira do Sul, Vacaria, and São Luiz Gonzaga), and storage time (0, 6, 12 months) on quality parameters and the isoflavone profile of soybeans. The analyses performed included titratable acidity, soluble protein, germination, electrical conductivity, soybean defects, colorimetric profile, and isoflavone profile. The Vacaria environment showed the lowest values for acidity (0.86–0.91%), lipase activity (6.14–14.2%), electrical conductivity (194.5–335.0 μS/cm), and fermented grains (0.45–1.4%) at the end of storage, regardless of the analyzed genotype, demonstrating to be a suitable environment for the cultivation of these genotypes. Additionally, the highest concentrations of isoflavones were also detected in the genotypes cultivated in Vacaria at the beginning of storage (2205.0–2983.8 μmol/g). Analyzing all the results, the 57i52RSF genotype cultivated in Vacaria showed the best quality during storage. On the other hand, the 95r51 genotype exhibited low quality during storage, especially when cultivated in São Luiz Gonzaga.