Direct detection of quasiparticle tunneling with a charge-sensitive superconducting sensor coupled to a waveguide
arxiv(2024)
摘要
Detecting quasiparticle tunneling events in superconducting circuits provides
information about the population and dynamics of non-equilibrium
quasiparticles. Such events can be detected by monitoring changes in the
frequency of an offset-charge-sensitive superconducting qubit. This monitoring
has so far been performed by Ramsey interferometry assisted by a readout
resonator. Here, we demonstrate a quasiparticle detector based on a
superconducting qubit directly coupled to a waveguide. We directly measure
quasiparticle number parity on the qubit island by probing the coherent
scattering of a microwave tone, offering simplicity of operation, fast
detection speed, and a large signal-to-noise ratio. We observe tunneling rates
between 0.8 and 7 s^-1, depending on the average occupation of the
detector qubit, and achieve a temporal resolution below 10 μs without
a quantum-limited amplifier. Our simple and efficient detector lowers the
barrier to perform studies of quasiparticle population and dynamics,
facilitating progress in fundamental science, quantum information processing,
and sensing.
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