Demographic Transformations in the Historical Process in the Light of Technological Development: Theoretical Approach

The analysis of the demographic component and of the demographic di-mension of historical process has unfortunately not been sufficiently stud-ied in the social sciences. The demographic development of humankind is even more rarely studied in its close connection with technological devel-opment. However, this is an extremely important aspect that can not only explain essential dimensions of the development, but also provide a basis for explaining current processes and forecasting our futures. Moreover, in many ways, it is an integral aspect of analysis, because it focuses on people, the population, that is the main subject of society and humanity. Accordingly, the changes in demographic parameters (both quantitative and qualitative) have an impact on the entire social system, from technol-ogy to ideology as well as on the World System at whole. Population growth is undoubtedly the most important driving force of the develop-ment of society. The most important subsystem of society, which consti-tutes its material basis, combines population and production. The link between demography and production is seemingly obvious, since, on the one hand, production determines population growth opportunities and, on the other hand, population size affects the production and other oppor-