Dual LiF/LiCl-Rich Solid Electrolyte Interphases with Robust and Li⁺-conductive Characteristics for 4.8 V Lithium Metal Batteries

Lithium metal batteries, which are constructed by lithium-rich manganese-based oxide (LRMO) cathode and Li metal anode, have attracted intensive attention due to its high energy density. However, the instability of both cathode and anode limits the practical application due to undesirable electrolyte decomposition at high voltage. To address these issues, an electrolyte engineering strategy is proposed for constructing robust, highly Li+-conductive solid electrolyte interphases on both cathode and anode with chlorobenzene as the additive. Due to the high mechanical stability and interface dynamics of the LiCl-endorsed, LiF-rich cathode electrolyte interphase, both the electrolyte decomposition and transition metal ion dissolution are effectively inhibited. Meanwhile, robust LiF/LiCl-rich solid electrolyte interphase can effectively repress the overgrowth of Li dendrites. The Li||LRMO battery with optimized 2.0 wt.% chlorobenzene demonstrates a high-capacity retention of 86.1% after 200 cycles at 0.5 C.