Challenges and perspectives of modern eye surgery

Eye surgery has undergone a spectacular revolution over the last 140 years. Thanks to technological advances and medical progress, this discipline has revolutionized the treatment of eye conditions, improving the quality of life for millions of people around the world. This review explores the major advances in eye surgery over time, highlighting the techniques and discoveries that have marked this period. The segmentation of surgical activity in ophthalmology demonstrates the richness of each subspecialty. For example, while phacoemulsification has become the most frequently performed procedure in France, all specialities combined, the treatment of glaucoma, retinal or corneal diseases and refractive errors has also developed significantly. The safety of procedures remains a major priority, achieved over time and constantly reinforced. The arrival of new lasers, gene therapy and retinal prostheses is opening up new indications with major prospects. (c) 2023 l'Academie nationale de medecine. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.