Chrome Extension
WeChat Mini Program
Use on ChatGLM

Integrated GIS-based and Water Quality Index for Evaluation of Groundwater Quality in the Coastal Slum Settlements of Lagos, Nigeria

GROUNDWATER FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT(2024)

Lagos State Univ | Prince Songkla Univ | Guangzhou Univ | Fed Univ Agr | Michael Okpara Univ Agr

Cited 1|Views7
Abstract
This study aimed to identify drinking water suitability through a statistical and water quality index (WQI) approach in coastal slum settlements in Lagos, Nigeria. A total of 250 borehole groundwater samples collected for drinking purposes during the wet (125) and dry (125) seasons were analysed for their physical and chemical properties from 2019 to 2020. The physical and chemical characterisation of the region was conducted based on the correlation matrix, scree plot, PCA, Q-mode HCA, and ROC curve to identify the types of weathering, the influence of rock on precipitation and evaporation, and types of reactions that affect groundwater composition. The analytical mean concentration results revealed that SO4, Cl, TH, NO3, TDS, and PO4 surpassed the USEPA and WHO permissible limits in both seasons. The WQI results demonstrate that 7.6% and 6.7% of water samples fall into the excellent category, while 12.4% and 11.5% are moderately tolerable. In contrast, for both seasons, >100% of the samples fell into the unsuitable drinking category across SA1-SA5, SB1-SB5, SC1-SC5, SD1−SD5, and SE1−SE5. Groundwater quality mainly deteriorates due to anthropogenic activities and climatic variability. The spatial variation map indicates that groundwater quality is primarily affected during the wet season and, to a lesser extent, in a few slums during the dry season. Seawater influx in coastline areas has been identified as the main factor threatening the quality and availability of groundwater resources. As a result, the groundwater quality is mostly poor to unsuitable, and this study confirms its unsuitability for drinking. Hence, this study serves as a guide for effective action in sustainable groundwater management.
More
Translated text
Key words
Drinking water quality,Physical and chemical parameters,Slum settlement,GIS,Water quality index (WQI)
求助PDF
上传PDF
Bibtex
AI Read Science
AI Summary
AI Summary is the key point extracted automatically understanding the full text of the paper, including the background, methods, results, conclusions, icons and other key content, so that you can get the outline of the paper at a glance.
Example
Background
Key content
Introduction
Methods
Results
Related work
Fund
Key content
  • Pretraining has recently greatly promoted the development of natural language processing (NLP)
  • We show that M6 outperforms the baselines in multimodal downstream tasks, and the large M6 with 10 parameters can reach a better performance
  • We propose a method called M6 that is able to process information of multiple modalities and perform both single-modal and cross-modal understanding and generation
  • The model is scaled to large model with 10 billion parameters with sophisticated deployment, and the 10 -parameter M6-large is the largest pretrained model in Chinese
  • Experimental results show that our proposed M6 outperforms the baseline in a number of downstream tasks concerning both single modality and multiple modalities We will continue the pretraining of extremely large models by increasing data to explore the limit of its performance
Upload PDF to Generate Summary
Must-Reading Tree
Example
Generate MRT to find the research sequence of this paper
Data Disclaimer
The page data are from open Internet sources, cooperative publishers and automatic analysis results through AI technology. We do not make any commitments and guarantees for the validity, accuracy, correctness, reliability, completeness and timeliness of the page data. If you have any questions, please contact us by email: report@aminer.cn
Chat Paper

要点】:本研究通过统计方法和水质指数(WQI)评估尼日利亚拉各斯沿海贫民窟地下水质量,发现大部分地下水不适合饮用,主要受人类活动和气候变化影响。

方法】:利用相关矩阵、散点图、主成分分析(PCA)、Q模式聚类分析(HCA)和ROC曲线对250个地下水样本的物理化学性质进行分析。

实验】:2019年至2020年期间,在湿季和干季各收集125个地下水样本,分析其物理化学特性,数据集名称未提及,结果显示硫酸盐、氯化物、总硬度、硝酸盐、总溶解固体和磷酸盐超过USEPA和WHO的限值,WQI评估显示大部分样本水质为差到不适合饮用。