Incidence and analysis of intraoperative complications in femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery: a large-scale cohort study to establish the learning curve

Aims To assess the safety of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) based on surgical parameters and intraoperative complications analysis and to determine the length of the learning curve for FLACS.Methods A prospective consecutive cohort study was conducted on Chinese patients who underwent either FLACS (3289 cases) or contemporaneous conventional phacoemulsification cataract surgery (2130 cases). The laser group was divided into four subgroups in chronological order. We recorded intraoperative complication incidences and compared with surgical parameters between groups. Subgroup analysis was conducted to explore the learning curve of FLACS.Results The laser group had a 4.93% incidence of incomplete capsulotomies and a 1.22% incidence of anterior capsule tears. Subgroup analysis showed significant differences in 8 aspects between the first 250 cases (50 cases per surgeon) and the last 2539 cases, but only 2 aspects differed between the second 250 cases (50 cases per surgeon) and the last 2539 cases. There were no significant differences between the third 250 cases (50 cases per surgeon) and the last 2539 cases.Conclusions The intraoperative complications of FLACS were reported, and the learning curve is associated with a significant reduction in the incidence of intraoperative complications. The length of the basic learning curve of FLACS is 100 cases, and the length of the advanced learning curve was 150 cases. This study demonstrated that FLACS is characterised by a relatively straightforward and secure operative technique.