A correlation between hard X-rays and neutrinos in radio-loud and radio-quiet AGN
arxiv(2024)
摘要
The production mechanism of astrophysical high-energy neutrinos is not yet
understood. A common assumption is that beamed relativistic outflows (jets)
driven by accreting black holes are needed to accelerate particles to such high
energies to produce high-energy neutrinos. Indeed, the first astrophysical
high-energy neutrino source candidate identified by IceCube at a significance
level of >3σ was a blazar – an AGN with an accreting supermassive black
hole that drives a relativistic jet directed towards Earth. Recently, IceCube
discovered strong evidence that Seyfert galaxies also emit neutrinos, which
appears unrelated to jet activity. Here, we show that the neutrino–hard X-ray
flux ratio of the blazar TXS 0506+056 is consistent with neutrino production in
a γ-obscured region near the central supermassive black hole, with the
X-ray flux corresponding to reprocessed γ-ray emission with flux
comparable to that of neutrinos. Similar neutrino–hard X-ray flux ratios were
found for three of IceCube's Seyfert galaxies, raising the possibility of a
common neutrino production mechanism that may not involve a strong jet. We
examine how future observations could test the jet origin of blazar neutrinos.
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