Calibration of the Cryogenic Measurement System of a Resonant Haloscope Cavity
Chinese Physics C(2024)
摘要
Possible light bosonic dark matter interactions with the Standard Model
photon have been searched by microwave resonant cavities. In this paper, we
demonstrate the cryogenic readout system calibration of a 7.138 GHz copper
cavity with a loaded quality factor Q_l=10^4, operated at 22 mK temperature
based on a dilution refrigerator. Our readout system consists of High Electron
Mobility Transistors as cryogenic amplifiers at 4 K, plus room-temperature
amplifiers and a spectrum analyzer for signal power detection. We test the
system with a superconducting two-level system as a single-photon source in the
microwave frequency regime and report an overall 95.6 dB system gain and -71.4
dB attenuation in the cavity's input channel. The effective noise temperature
of the measurement system is 7.5 K.
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