Polarization phenomenon in heavy-ion collisions
arxiv(2024)
摘要
The strongly interacting system created in ultrarelativistic nuclear
collisions behaves almost as an ideal fluid with rich patterns of the velocity
field exhibiting strong vortical structure. Vorticity of the fluid, via
spin-orbit coupling, leads to particle spin polarization. Due to the finite
orbital momentum of the system, the polarization on average is not zero; it
depends on the particle momenta reflecting the spatial variation of the local
vorticity. In the last few years, this field experienced a rapid growth due to
experimental discoveries of the global and local polarizations. Recent
measurements triggered further development of the theoretical description of
the spin dynamics and suggestions of several new mechanisms for particle
polarization.
In this review, we focus mostly on the experimental results. We compare the
measurements with the existing theoretical calculations but try to keep the
discussion of possible underlying physics at the qualitative level. Future
measurements and how they can help to answer open theoretical questions are
also discussed. We pay a special attention to the employed experimental
methods, as well as to the detector effects and associated corrections to the
measurements.
更多查看译文
AI 理解论文
溯源树
样例
生成溯源树,研究论文发展脉络
Chat Paper
正在生成论文摘要