Immune responses induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis heat-resistant antigen (Mtb-HAg) upon co-administration with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin in mice

Objectives To preliminarily assess the immunogenicity of Mtb-HAg in mice and the synergistic effect provided by HAg when co-immunised with BCG. Methods Mice were randomly grouped for different immunisations and then spleens were aseptically removed and lymphocytes were extracted for immediate detection of cytokines transcript levels and stimulation index(SI), cytokine secretion and multifunctional antigen-specific T cells were detected after incubation for different times. Results HAg extracted from active Mtb is a group of mixed polypeptides with molecular weights of (10–14) kDa. It can significantly stimulate lymphocytes proliferation and increase SI. Injection of HAg alone and in combination with BCG induced significantly higher numbers of multifunctional antigen-specific T cells including CD4+ IFN-γ+, CD4+ IL-2+, CD8+ IFN-γ+, and CD8+ IL-2+ cells than that in BCG-treated mice. Co-immunisation induced the secretion of higher levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2 and IL-4 and increased their mRNA expression levels. Significant increases in the transcription levels of IL-10, IL-12 and IL-17 were observed in the co-immunised group with the assistance of HAg. Conclusion We demonstrated that HAg has favourable immunogenicity, triggers a stronger Th1-type immune response and proposed the hypothesis that HAg can be used as a BCG booster to further enhance the benefits of BCG.