Alumina: As a Biocompatible Biomaterial Used in Dental Implants

Alumina is a ceramic bio inert biomaterial having purity 99.5% Aluminium oxide (Al2O3) and 0.5% Magnesium oxide (MgO), find its wide application in dental implant due to good bio-compatible property with adjacent tissue, better wear and aesthetic characteristics. This paper represents the in-vitro tests conducted to evaluation toxicity by cell culturing on Alumina biomaterial used in the dental implant by both direct contact and extraction method. In the present study in-vitro assessment of tissue bio compatibility was conducted on L929 cell line (mouse fibroblast). In-vitro test, the toxicity of Alumina specimen was done by computing percentage of viability in a cell cultured medium. An MTT system was used to measure the active cell activities with mitochondrial-dehydrogenases, which is an easy method which gives accurate and precision results. The results of biocompatibility in-vitro test by both Direct and Extraction methods confirmed that Alumina exhibits a highest cell growth of 93.05% and resulted with zero grade cytotoxicity. Alumina having good aesthetic characteristics i.e., colour of the implant matches with the tooth colour. Hence Alumina is a best candidate alternate implant material compared to other metal implants.