1132 Analyzing Spectral Density of EEG During Sleep in COVID-19 Survivors

Abstract Introduction - Long COVID19 patients exhibit persistent symptoms, including dyspnea, anxiety, and neurological issues. - Acute COVID-19 infection is linked to neuropsychiatric complications; 62% had cerebrovascular accidents, and 31% had altered mental status. - Depression (33%), anxiety (36%), and insomnia (41%) are common during acute infections, but COVID- 19's impact on sleep architecture is unknown. - Previous study reported EEG changes in COVID19 survivors; alpha intrusion (78%), cyclical alternating pattern (59%), and increased REM density (38%). Methods - Sub-analysis of a prospective study with COVID-19 survivors undergoing Level I Polysomnography. - PSG data compared with pre-COVID era healthy volunteers. - EEG analysis was done in MATLAB and included artifact detection, power spectral densities, and REM analysis. - Statistical analysis was done using JASP 0.16.4. Results - 132 participants underwent Level I PSG. - Baseline characteristics showed mean age 43.9±14.6 years, mean BMI 24.31±6.54 Kg/m2. - Sleep characteristics: Total sleep time 359.78±70.29 minutes, sleep efficiency 81.53±12.02%, AHI 19.6±18.2. - Spectral wave percentages in REM and NREM sleep varied significantly between COVID and control groups. -Logistic Regression: Factors like age, REM C3 delta, REM C3 theta, NREM C3 alpha, NREM C3 theta, total AHI predict outcome variable (presence in COVID patients). -Multivariate Logistic Regression: Best fit model includes Age, C3 alpha wave percentage of NREM Sleep, and AHI. McFadden R² value is 0.56, indicating a good fit; AUC value is 0.94, indicating high predictive ability. Conclusion - Significantly high alpha frequency was seen in COVID19 survivors. REM density was also significantly elevated in patients with COVID19. - Presence of these abnormal PSG-EEG waves hints that COVID19 might have similar effects as depression, insomnia on these subjects, at least in the short run. - Whether these changes are temporary or permanent needs to be evaluated by performing serial polysomnography in patients with COVID19 ARDS. Support (if any)