Removal of basic fuchsin from wastewater using natural sugar cane bagasse: Investigation of Kinetics, Isotherms, Thermodynamics, and Mechanism Analysis

Abstract In recent times, utilizing biomass for adsorption has become a widely adopted approach to diminish contaminants in wastewater before its discharge into the environment. Our objective is to scrutinize the adsorption process of Basic Fuchsin (BF) on sugarcane bagasse (SCB). The investigation involves optimizing the process by exploring parameters such as bio-adsorbent mass, contact time, temperature, and the pH of the BF solution. The findings indicate that BF adsorption on SCB is most effective in a basic environment, attributed to electrostatic interactions between the negatively charged SCB surface within this pH range and the organic cations of the dye. Under optimal conditions, BF removal by SCB reaches 97%. Kinetic modeling of adsorption reveals that the pseudo-second-order model best describes BF adsorption on SCB, while isotherm modeling indicates that Langmuir and Freundlich models provide the most accurate descriptions. The Langmuir separation coefficient RL and the Freundlich parameter 1/n both fall below 1, signifying the favorability of BF adsorption on SCB. Thermodynamic assessments underscore the spontaneity of the BF adsorption process on SCB. Overall, the study results underscore the capability of SCB as a bio-adsorbent for removing organic dyes from aqueous solutions.