The triglyceride glucose index was nonlinearly associated with all-cause mortality in diabetic patients

Background and Aim The TyG index has been linked with cardiometabolic diseases. Our study aimed to investigate the specific relationship between the triglyceride and glucose index (TyG) and both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in diabetic patients. Methods and Results We enrolled 3,120 participants with diabetes from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The TyG index was calculated using the formula ln [fasting triglycerides (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2]. Hazard ratios (HRs) of TyG associated with mortality risk were assessed using Cox proportional hazard regression models. Over a follow-up period of 10.8 thousand person-years, we observed 768 all-cause deaths and 155 cardiovascular deaths. Compared to the reference quartile, the multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for all-cause mortality were 1.02 (1.01-1.05; p=0.008) in the fourth quartile. Dose-response analysis revealed a non-linear association. However, no significant associations were found between the TyG index and cardiovascular mortality. Conclusions The TyG index exhibited a non-linear association with the risk of all-cause mortality in diabetic patients.