Effect of Metabolic Syndrome on Left Atrial and Left Ventricular Deformation and Atrioventricular Interactions in Patients With Myocardial Infarction

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with worse prognosis in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). However, it is unclear how MetS in MI patients is associated with left atrial (LA) and left ventricular (LV) deformation. Purpose: To determine the effect of MetS on LA and LV deformation and atrioventricular interactions in MI patients. Study Type: Retrospective. Population: One hundred eighty-one MI patients (73 MetS+ and 108 MetS-), 107 age- and sex-matched controls (49 MetS+ and 58 MetS-). Field Strength/Sequence3.0 T/balanced steady-state free precession (SSFP)/segmented phase-sensitive inversion recovery SSFP sequence. Assessment: LA strain and strain rates (reservoir, conduit, and active), left atrioventricular coupling index (LACI), and LV geometry and radial, circumferential and longitudinal global peak strains (PS) were compared among groups. Statistical Tests: Two-way analysis of variance, Spearman and Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multivariable linear regression analysis. P value <0.05 indicated statistical significance. Results: Compared with controls, the MI patients with or without MetS showed impaired LA function (reservoir, conduit, and active) and LV deformation (radial, circumferential, and longitudinal PS) and higher LACI. The MetS+ group had lower LA reservoir and conduit function and LV deformation than MetS- group. The MetS-MI interaction was not statistically significant. Furthermore, multivariable linear regression showed that MetS was independently associated with LA and LV deformation (beta = -0.181 to -0.209) in MI patients; LA function was independently associated with LV circumferential PS (beta = 0.230 to 0.394) and longitudinal PS (beta = 0.189 to 0.420), and LA passive strain and strain rate were negatively associated with LV mass (beta = -0.178 and -0.298). Data Conclusion: MetS may be associated with the LA and LV dysfunction in MI patients. Impaired LV deformation and LV hypertrophy are independently associated with LA dysfunction in MI patients, and the MI patients have higher LACI than controls, suggesting atrioventricular interaction alterations. Evidence Level: 4 Technical Efficacy: 3