Organ Dose Equivalents of Albedo Protons and Neutrons Under Exposure to Large Solar Particle Events during Lunar Human Landing Missions
arxiv(2024)
摘要
Astronauts participating in lunar landing missions will encounter exposure to
albedo particles emitted from the lunar surface as well as primary high-energy
particles in the spectra of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) and solar particle
events (SPEs). While existing studies have examined particle energy spectra and
absorbed doses in limited radiation exposure scenarios on and near the Moon,
comprehensive research encompassing various shielding amounts and large SPEs on
the lunar surface remains lacking. Additionally, detailed organ dose
equivalents of albedo particles in a human model on the lunar surface have yet
to be investigated. This work assesses the organ dose equivalents of albedo
neutrons and protons during historically large SPEs in August 1972 and
September 1989 utilizing realistic computational anthropomorphic human phantom
for the first time. Dosimetric quantities within human organs have been
evaluated based on the PHITS Monte Carlo simulation results and quality factors
of the state-of-the-art NASA Space Cancer Risk (NSCR) model, as well as ICRP
publications. The results with the NSCR model indicate that the albedo
contribution to organ dose equivalent is less than 3
shielding, while it increases to more than 20
aluminum shielding during exposure to low-energy-proton-rich SPEs.
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