Enhanced Neural Recovery and Reduction of Secondary Damage in Spinal Cord Injury through Modulation of Oxidative Stress and Neural Response

Abstract Spinal cord injury (SCI) presents a critical medical challenge, marked by substantial neural damage and persistent functional deficits. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) for SCI, utilizing a tailored dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) device to conduct comprehensive in vivo and in vitro analyses. The findings show that CAP treatment significantly improves functional recovery after SCI, reduces neuronal apoptosis, lowers inflammation, and increases axonal regeneration. These findings illustrate the efficacy of CAP in fostering a conducive environment for recovery by modulating inflammatory responses, enhancing neuronal survival, and encouraging regenerative processes. The underlying mechanism involves CAP's reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, followed by the activation of antioxidant enzymes. These findings position CAP as a pioneering approach for spinal cord injury (SCI) treatment, presenting opportunities for improved neural recovery and establishing a new paradigm in SCI therapy.