Transverse Cooper-Pair Rectifier
arxiv(2024)
摘要
Non-reciprocal devices like diodes are key components in modern electronics
covering broad applications ranging from transistors to logic circuits thanks
to the output rectified signal in the direction parallel to the input. In this
work, we predict a transverse Cooper-pair rectifier in which a non-reciprocal
current is driven perpendicular to the driving field, when inversion, time
reversal, and mirror symmetries are broken simultaneously. The
Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk formalism is developed to describe the transverse
current-voltage relation in a normal-metal/superconductor tunneling junction
with an effective built-in supercurrent which leads to an asymmetric and
anisotropic Andreev reflection due to the lack of symmetry constraints. The
asymmetry in the Andreev reflection is induced when inversion and time reversal
symmetry are broken by the supercurrent component parallel to the junction
while the anisotropy occurs when the mirror symmetry with respect to the normal
of the junction interface is broken by the perpendicular supercurrent component
to the junction. Compared to the conventional longitudinal one, the transverse
rectifier supports fully polarized diode efficiency and colossal nonreciprocal
conductance rectification, completely decoupling the path of the input
excitation from the output rectified signal. This work provides a formalism for
realizing transverse non-reciprocity in superconducting junctions, which is
expected to be achieved after some modification to the current experimental
setups and may pave the way for future low-dissipation and fast superconducting
electronics.
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