Evaluating energy, exergy and economic aspects of a CO₂ -free Kalina cycle cogeneration system with various solar collectors

This study meticulously evaluates a Kalina cycle system, adeptly designed for the simultaneous generation of heat, power and cooling. Examining the system from energy, exergy and economic perspectives, the research analyzes the performance of various solar thermal collectors: parabolic trough collectors (PTCs), linear Fresnel reflector, dish-based systems and vacuum tubes (VTs). Among these, the PTC stands out, excelling in energy and exergy efficiency while ensuring cost-effectiveness and minimal system losses. The research also explores the impact of component adjustments on heat, power and cooling production rates. Notably, it identifies the VT collector as the most prominent in terms of exergy destruction and associated costs, with figures reaching 11.07 MW and 159 100 $/year, respectively, offering valuable insights for enhancing the system's efficiency and economic viability.