Facile preparation of high-performance Mn and Mg co-doped Fe₂O₃ nanorod for lithium-ion battery anode from refined green alum slag-a "turn waste into treasure" strategy

In this work, a "turn waste into treasure" strategy is proposed to synthesize Fe2O3 and use it as a lithium-ion battery (LIB) anode from green alum slag, a by-product of TiO2 production in the industry. Through this method, a heteroatom-doped Fe2O3 was obtained and showed a stable specific capacity of 1209 mA h g(-1) at 500 mA g(-1), which was superior to pure-Fe2O3 that was prepared in the laboratory. Besides, the full battery was assembled with Fe2O3 as the anode, and the specific capacity was maintained at 102 mA h g(-1) after 100 cycles of stable cycling at 1.0 A g(-1), showing excellent cycling and rate performance. This work offers a green low-cost and promising option for the development of LIBs anode materials and making TiO2 industrial production more economical and environmentally friendly.