Role of Magnetic Resonance Mammography in the Evaluation of Indeterminate Breast Lesions.

Background: Malignancy of the breast is one of the most common cancers among females worldwide. Magnetic resonance mammography (MRM) is a valuable complement to conventional methods for the early diagnosis of disease, thereby providing patients with a better prognosis. The number of unnecessary biopsies and repeated excisions in cases of indeterminate breast lesions detected on conventional imaging is high. Aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of MRM in the evaluation of indeterminate breast lesions [Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BIRADS) 3/4] found in conventional mammography and ultrasonography (USG), taking the histopathological examination (HPE) as the gold standard. Materials and methods: A total of 38 patients with conventional radiological imaging diagnosis of indeterminate breast lesions (BIRADS 3/4) were included in this study and evaluated using contrast-enhanced MRM according to the MR-BIRADS lexicon (5th edition). Morphological characteristics of lesions were evaluated to determine the probability of malignancy. Histopathology was kept as the gold standard for comparing all the statistical parameters. Results: There were a total of 40 lesions, 35 masses, and five nonmass enhancement (NME) available for evaluation out of the 38 patients. The sensitivity of margins to detect malignancy approached 100%; however, it had a slightly lower specificity of 66.67%. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed good diagnostic performance with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy of 85, 90, 89.47, 85.71, and 87.50%, respectively. Conclusion: The MRI has been shown to be useful as a problem-solving tool in breast cancer screening, clarifying indeterminate findings and avoiding unnecessary short follow-ups and percutaneous biopsies. How to cite this article: Mishra E, Kaur N, Kaur R, et al. Role of Magnetic Resonance Mammography in the Evaluation of Indeterminate Breast Lesions. J Assoc Physicians India 2023;71(11):76-84.