Nash Bargaining-Based Shared Energy Storage Joint Planning Strategy of Prosumers

Energy storage is widely used to help prosumers improve renewable energy consumption rates and reduce operation costs. However, the energy storage utilization rate typically exhibits low levels, thereby imposing significant investment risks on prosumers who undertake independent investment and utilization of energy storage. The sharing of energy storage among multiple prosumers introduces a novel approach for addressing the issue. Therefore, a shared energy storage (SES) joint planning strategy based on Nash bargaining theory is proposed for prosumers. First, the SES model among multiple prosumers is developed to characterize the energy interaction relationship between prosumers and SES. Then, the Nash bargaining theory is introduced to develop the SES joint planning model. On this basis, the original Nash bargaining-based model is transformed into two easier-to-solve sub-problems. Finally, case studies are carried out to validate the efficacy of the proposed SES model and the corresponding planning strategy. Simulation results show that the SES planning and cost distribution problems can be effectively addressed through the proposed planning strategy. In addition, prosumers can effectively reduce their costs by cooperating as an alliance to construct and utilize an SES jointly when compared with constructing energy storage independently.