Femtosecond laser writing of depressed cladding waveguides in sapphire
arxiv(2024)
摘要
A promising solution for scalable integrated optics of trapped-ion quantum
processors are curved waveguides guiding visible light within sapphire bulk
material. To the best of our knowledge, no curved waveguides were investigated
in sapphire so far and no waveguides for visible light in undoped planar
sapphire substrates were reported. Here, we demonstrate femtosecond laser
writing of depressed cladding waveguides in sapphire. Laser parameters such as
pulse energy, pulse duration, and repetition rate, as well as waveguide
geometry parameters were optimized to guide 728 nm light. This resulted in
single-mode waveguides with a propagation loss of 1.9 (3) dB/cm. The
investigation of curved waveguides showed a sharp increase in total loss for
curvature radii below 15 mm. Our results demonstrate the potential of
femtosecond laser writing as a powerful technique for creating integrated
optical waveguides in the volume of sapphire substrates. Such waveguides could
be a building block for integrated optics in trapped ion quantum processors.
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