Particle identification capability of a homogeneous calorimeter composed of oriented crystals
arxiv(2024)
摘要
Recent studies have shown that the electromagnetic shower induced by a
high-energy electron, positron or photon incident along the axis of an oriented
crystal develops in a space more compact than the ordinary. On the other hand,
the properties of the hadronic interactions are not affected by the lattice
structure. This means that, inside an oriented crystal, the natural difference
between the hadronic and the electromagnetic shower profile is strongly
accentuated. Thus, a calorimeter composed of oriented crystals could be
intrinsically capable of identifying more accurately the nature of the incident
particles, with respect to a detector composed only of non-aligned crystals.
Since no oriented calorimeter has ever been developed, this possibility remains
largely unexplored and can be investigated only by mean of numerical
simulations. In this work, we report the first quantitative evaluation of the
particle identification capability of such a calorimeter, focusing on the case
of neutron-gamma discrimination. We demonstrate through Geant4 simulations that
the use of oriented crystals significantly improves the performance of a Random
Forest classifier trained on the detector data. This work is a proof that
oriented calorimeters could be a viable option for all the environments where
particle identification must be performed with a very high accuracy, such as
future high-intensity particle physics experiments and satellite-based
gamma-ray telescopes.
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