Les modifications constatées dans l’équilibre et le fonctionnement hydro-sédimentaire de l’ouvrage de la brèche de Neyron, marquant la diffluence entre canal de Miribel et Vieux-Rhône, entraînent des conséquences importantes pour l’alimentation des champs captant de Crépieux-Charmy et l’eau potable de la Métropole de Lyon : (i) des débits trop faibles dans le Vieux-Rhône à l’étiage et (ii) de colossaux volumes de sédiments déposés lors des crues, astreignant à de fréquentes et coûteuses opérations de curage et de gestion sédimentaire. Malgré les nombreuses études de terrain (topo-bathymétrie, traçage sédimentaire), les processus hydro-sédimentaires restent mal connus durant les crues. Ainsi, la régie Eau publique du Grand Lyon a commandé à Artelia une étude reposant sur une modélisation morpho-sédimentaire hybride : physique (maquette au 1/50) et numérique (3D) dont les objectifs sont (i) de parvenir à modéliser et comprendre la dynamique hydro-sédimentaire actuelle, puis (ii) tester et optimiser une nouvelle solution de l’aménagement de la diffluence pour améliorer la répartition des flux liquides et solides. Les résultats du modèle physique présentent une similitude remarquable avec les données de terrain, ce qui permet de les utiliser avec une certaine confiance pour le calage des modèles numériques (hybridation). Ces modèles numériques simulent ensuite plusieurs scénarios morphogènes : à plus larges échelles spatiales (ensemble du champ captant) et temporelles (pluridécennales) sans/avec solution de réaménagement de la brèche.
River discharge remains critically ungauged across much of the globe, limiting the accuracy of flood forecasting and constraining climate adaptation strategies. To address this, we propose a novel hydraulic modelling framework that integrates Unoccupied Aerial Systems (UAS) with satellite Earth observations. Specifically, we construct a high-resolution hydraulic model of the Torne River in northern Scandinavia by combining a steady gradually varied flow (SGVF) solver with riverbed geometry extracted from UAS-based water-penetrating radar (WPR). The model is calibrated using four in-situ measured discharge–water surface elevation (WSE) datasets from the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission to estimate spatially variable, depth-dependent Manning’s roughness coefficients via automated optimization. This calibration enables the development of rating curves, allowing river discharge to be estimated solely from satellite altimetry data (e.g., SWOT, Sentinel-3, and ICESat-2). Our approach demonstrates high accuracy and operational feasibility, achieving a mean absolute relative error of only 6.15% when validated against in situ gauge measurements. Remarkably, the model successfully reconstructed an extreme 1,000-year flood event observed by ICESat-2, with an error of just 2.59%. This framework provides a scalable and transferable approach for accurately estimating river discharge in virtually any reach observable by SWOT, effectively transforming historically ungauged basins into virtual gauging stations.
The design stages of breakwater projects include the stability analysis of the structures. In the project of the present article, two alternatives were studied: a rubble- mound and vertical caisson breakwaters. The challenges faced for the stability analysis of the caissons are presented and discussed here.
Moisture is a crucial factor regarding degradation of building materials, and hygrothermal simulations are essential tools for analysing and predicting moisture content and durability of buildings under dynamic conditions. This article focusses on the development of a Danish moisture reference year, based on climate data from the period 2001 to 2019. The reference year was created as a “one-fits-all” for hygrothermal simulations and to ensure better representation of the Danish climate conditions. Traditionally reference years from nearby locations in Germany and Sweden have been used. The reference year was created according to EN ISO 15927-4:2006; the raw climate data was statistically analysed, and representative months were selected. This process resulted in five reference years, with focus on different types of constructions and exterior claddings. The new reference years were compared with reference years from nearby locations, as well as with the raw Danish climate data over a 9-year period. The analysis includes comparison of the climate parameters, and validation through dynamic simulations in WUFI and DELPHIN. In WUFI, simulations were made for typical wall and roof constructions, whereas DELPHIN simulations were made for three calibrated models from an earlier project, of internally insulated solid masonry walls. The results indicate that the five new Danish reference years were quite similar in many aspects (regardless of the chosen primary and secondary climate parameters) and provided a reliable representation of Danish climate conditions. For the hygrothermal simulations, a good correlation was generally observed between results from simulations using the Danish reference years and simulations based on raw climate data.
