Let M be a closed 3-manifold admitting a finite cover of index n along the fibers over the unit tangent bundle of a closed surface. We prove that if n is odd, there is only one Anosov flow on M up to orbital equivalence, and if n is even, there are two orbital equivalence classes of Anosov flows on M.
Mediterranean wetlands are highly sensitive ecosystems, particularly vulnerable to human pressure and shifts in precipitation and temperature regimes. Wetland plants can be particularly threatened in Mediterranean insular contexts, where such habitats are naturally smaller and more fragmented than in their continental counterparts. This study investigated 275 species of vascular wetland plants that were considered to be at least regionally threatened across 2217 islands and islets in the Mediterranean. We provided both global and local IUCN conservation assessments (summarized in a ‘conservation concern’ index) and ‘assessment completion’ (i.e. knowledge level) for each taxon as well as a geographic distribution among islands, wetland types, and life forms. Most of wetland plants were threatened at the regional level, although assessment completion was generally low, except for endemics. Inland and endemic wetland plants were more threatened than the rest. A phylogenetic signal was detected, highlighting that Orchidaceae and Apiaceae were of particularly high conservation concern, while other families, especially Amaranthaceae, exhibited low levels of assessment completion. No geographical patterns were found in terms of conservation concern and assessment completion. Our findings provide critical insights into biodiversity patterns, identify conservation gaps and priorities and contribute to the development of targeted strategies for the protection of wetland plants, which are crucial indicators of the entire natural capital of Mediterranean island ecosystems.
NADI 2026 is the seventh edition of the Nuanced Arabic Dialect Identification (NADI) shared task series and the second dedicated to multidialectal Arabic speech processing. This edition comprises five tasks and eight subtasks spanning Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), Spoken Dialect Identification (SDID), Text-to-Speech (TTS), Spoken Language Translation (SLT), and Spoken Language Understanding (SLU). NADI 2026 emphasizes realistic evaluation through low-bandwidth, mixed-dialect, code-switched, out-of-domain, and zero-shot settings, while introducing TTS, SLT, and SLU to the series for the first time. The shared task attracted 21 participating teams from at least 13 countries, with 48 test-phase submissions and 14 submitted system-description papers. Results show that out-of-domain generalization remains a major bottleneck and highlight the effectiveness of recent Arabic-specialized speech models, multimodal dialect identification approaches, and ensemble methods. Overall, NADI 2026 provides a broader and more challenging benchmark for robust Arabic dialect speech processing.
This paper is devoted to the analysis of the global stability of the chemostat system with a perturbation term representing a general form of exchange between species. This conversion term depends not only on species and substrate concentrations, but also on a positive perturbation parameter. After expressing the invariant manifold as a union of a family of compact subsets, our main result states that for each subset in this family, there exists a positive threshold for the perturbation parameter below which the system is globally asymptotically stable in the corresponding subset. Our approach relies on the Malkin-Gorshin Theorem and on a Theorem by Smith and Waltman concerning perturbations of a globally stable steady-state. Properties of the steady-states and numerical simulations of the system's asymptotic behavior complement this study for two types of perturbation terms between the species.
Local communities play a vital role in conserving biocultural diversity; yet their priorities are seldom considered when designing sustainable measures and actions, particularly in remote areas. These processes are frequently developed from urban perspectives, focusing on regional or national scales, and local social dynamics are often overlooked. In this paper, we explore community-based conservation recommendations to develop a strategy for the cultural landscapes of the High Atlas, integrating insights from both local Amazigh voices and academic perspectives. We conducted focus groups with three representative communities in the High Atlas, involving 92 participants. We first documented the environmental changes that both women and men perceived separately. Next, community members provided recommendations for biocultural diversity conservation, which were further discussed among all participants. The participants' perceived changes and the proposed recommendations varied significantly between villages, even over short distances. These variations emerged from each village's primary livelihood and the types of ecosystems on which they depend. Both men and women noted numerous changes in agriculture, pastoralism, and the economy, and suggested actions to address the negative impacts. Women highlighted positive developments in medicinal practices; however, they also pointed out infrastructural deficiencies that hinder human well-being. These discussions served as the grounds for preparing community action plans that guided biocultural conservation action with these populations. Grounding rural development planning, programming, and monitoring in gendered local perceptions and aspirations is crucial for the resilience and adaptation of these landscapes, the people and other non-human living beings inhabiting them.
