Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) exhibits marked clinical and biological heterogeneity that is poorly captured by group-based analyses. Using the MRL/Lpr model, we describe an individual mouse displaying a severe phenotype, and provide a characterization combining clinical assessment, inflammatory profiling, neuroaxonal injury, and targeted metabolomics. Despite severe disease, this animal did not display a globally exaggerated cytokine profile relative to other MRL/Lpr mice, although TNFα and IL-1β ranked among the highest in the cohort. In contrast, plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) was markedly elevated, and metabolomic profiling revealed pronounced disruptions in urea-cycle intermediates, sulfur amino-acid metabolism and muscle-derived metabolites, together with a broad depletion of circulating amino acids. These observations raise the possibility that, at advanced disease stages, circulating cytokine levels may plateau and lose discriminative capacity, whereas metabolic readouts may retain greater capacity to track disease severity.
Accurate pre-harvest grape yield estimation is a critical challenge in precision viticulture, yet current optical approaches (RGB cameras, LiDAR) are fundamentally limited by foliage occlusion and sensitivity to ambient lighting conditions. This paper presents a ground-based grape yield estimation system using a dual 77 GHz Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave (FM-CW) radar mounted on a rover operating at an average speed of 1.0 m/s (3.7 km/h), matching practical vineyard tractor speeds. Unlike prior radar-based studies conducted in static or slow-moving setups, the proposed pipeline achieves continuous 3D reconstruction of vinerows through digital beamforming in the elevation plane, combined with an IMU-fused Kalman filter for point cloud stabilization on irregular terrain. An experimental campaign was conducted on 136 km of scanned vinerows across seven grape varieties and three phenological growth stages (BBCH 75–89) in a commercial vineyard in Gascony, France. Statistical features extracted from 3D radar echo level images are used to train a Support Vector Regressor (SVR) evaluated in cross-validation. The primary out-of-sample result is a cross-validation Mean Absolute Error (CV MAE) of 31.2% on the full multi-variety dataset without any defoliation, achieved against certified wine-vat bulk weights as the ground truth reference. This figure should be contextualized against the ∼ 24–25% discrepancy observed between portable field weighing plates and vat-certified weights across the same dataset, and against manual pre-harvest estimation errors routinely exceeding 30% in viticultural practice. A sensitivity analysis over physical parameters reveals that grape variety is the dominant −and limiting- source of performance heterogeneity: CV MAE ranges from 7% for Tannat to 69% for Baco, demonstrating that a single global model is insufficient for multi-variety deployment and that variety-specific calibration is a necessary condition for operational use. These results are best understood as an architectural proof of concept: the primary contribution is the demonstration that MIMO digital beamforming removes the speed bottleneck of prior mechanically-scanned radar systems, enabling gapless 3D vinerow reconstruction at practical field speeds. The yield estimation results provide a first quantitative characterization of the system’s sensing capability and its variety-dependent limitations and establish a baseline for future variety-specific model development.
The notion of aesthetic disinterestedness has long occupied a central place in philosophical accounts of aesthetic experience. Yet the concept has also faced sustained criticism. While recent rehabilitations of disinterestedness have largely taken the form of pleasure-based neo-Kantian accounts, this paper reassesses the notion through the distinction between motivational orientations developed within Self-Determination Theory, thereby bringing the psychological literature on intrinsic and extrinsic motivation into dialogue with contemporary debates on aesthetic disinterestedness. After reviewing the main conceptions of disinterestedness and the objections raised against them, I argue that aesthetic experience can be said to be disinterested insofar as it is intrinsically motivated, that is, insofar as engagement with an object is valued as an end in itself rather than as a means to a separable outcome. This motivational interpretation preserves the core intuition underlying disinterestedness while avoiding several difficulties that have troubled earlier pleasure-based and attitudinal formulations. It accommodates the active character of aesthetic engagement, explains how motivational orientation can shape experience, and allows intrinsic and extrinsic motivations to coexist. I conclude that intrinsic motivation can constitute a plausible and explanatorily useful necessary condition for aesthetic experience, although it remains insufficient on its own to individuate aesthetic experience.
The evolution of High Energy Physics (HEP) toward future collider experiments with High Luminosity (HL), such as the HL-LHC, requires the development of scintillating materials that combine high density, excellent radiation hardness and an ultrafast response. While Cerium-doped Gadolinium Aluminum Gallium Garnet (GAGG:Ce) offers a very high light yield and resilience to irradiation, its typical decay time of approximately 50–60 ns may lead to pile-up effects in high-rate environments.In this paper, we report on the development and multi-stage characterization of various accelerated GAGG compositions optimized for timing performance and grown by Crytur. By taking advantage of divalent co-doping to engineer the scintillation kinetics, we achieved an effective decay time (τd,eff) down to 5.5 ns while maintaining a competitive light yield of several thousand photons per MeV.Laboratory characterization demonstrates that the time resolution under gamma-ray excitation is comparable to commercial GAGG, while the time resolution measured with 120 GeV pions reaches performance levels comparable to state-of-the-art LYSO:Ce,Ca. After a 1 MGy proton irradiation campaign the material retains most of its optical transmission. The results confirm that this ultrafast GAGG composition is a viable candidate for the next generation of HEP calorimetry and timing detectors.
Fe(II) aminotriazole coordination polymers constitute one of the most extensively investigated families of spin-crossover (SCO) materials owing to their robust switching behaviour, synthetic accessibility, and pronounced sensitivity to composition, particle size, morphology, and solid-state organization. As benchmark SCO materials, they have attracted considerable interest for applications ranging from thermometry and actuation to responsive composites and multifunctional materials. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the synthesis, structural diversity, spin-state switching, chemical reactivity, and applications of Fe(II) aminotriazole coordination polymers. Particular emphasis is placed on structure–property relationships, highlighting how synthetic parameters, counterion identity, crystal packing, particle size, and morphology govern cooperativity, transition characteristics, and material performance.Recent advances in post-synthetic modification (PSM) have considerably expanded the chemical space and functional scope of these materials while revealing the accessibility of coordination chains, the reactivity of coordinated ligands, and the interplay between chemical transformations, structure, and SCO behaviour. Despite their dense, apparently non-porous architectures, these coordination polymers remain accessible to external molecules, undergo diverse chemical transformations, and exhibit spin-state-dependent reactivity. These findings have stimulated studies in molecular recognition, sensing, catalysis, and biomedical applications. Although many remain at an exploratory stage, they demonstrate the importance of guest access to the coordination chains and provide new insights into host–guest interactions, molecular accessibility, cooperative phenomena, and spin-state-dependent reactivity.Collectively, these advances establish Fe(II) aminotriazole coordination polymers as versatile model systems for understanding the relationships between synthesis, structure, spin-state switching, chemical reactivity, and function, while opening new opportunities for responsive molecular materials.
