With the continuous increase in performance requirements for power systems in the aerospace and low-altitude economy sectors, designing lightweight and high-strength blade structures with excellent dynamic characteristics has become critical. This paper puts forward a dynamic model for a rotating functionally graded graphene-reinforced (FG-GPR) sandwich metal porous cantilever pre-twisted plate (PTP), aiming to analyze its natural vibration characteristics. To this end, the mixture principle and the revised Halpin-Tsai model are used to determine the parameters of graphene and porosity distributions in the core layer. With the classical plate theory, the Rayleigh-Ritz method, and the polynomials, the dynamic equations are derived to solve for the free vibration mode shapes and frequencies of the rotating FG-GPR sandwich metal porous cantilever PTP. The comparison of natural frequencies and mode shapes with available literature results confirms the precision of the theoretical formulation and numerical computations. The bending stiffnesses are analyzed. Finally, the effects of different graphene/pore distributions, length-to-thickness/width ratios, layer thickness ratios, twist angles, and rotational speeds on the natural frequencies of the system are systematically investigated.
Telecommunication systems are evolving towards ultrawide bandwidth and low latency, supporting wired and wireless links and their non-blocking interconnection1. However, a long-standing bandwidth mismatch between fibre communication and its wireless counterpart arises from fundamental disparities in signal architectures and hardware constraints2,3, which prevent high-speed and compatible transmission across the two domains. This challenge further complicates unified system design and hinders the realization of high-throughput-density, congestion-free fibre-wireless links under wideband-access scenarios4. Here we present an ultra-wideband (UWB) integrated photonics scheme that facilitates fibre-wireless communication over a shared-bandwidth infrastructure. Built on electro-optic (EO) and optic-electro (OE) conversions featuring 3-dB operational bandwidths exceeding 250 GHz and cross-architecture adaptability, our system demonstrates unprecedented data transmission capabilities in both wired and wireless links. Using the same set of devices and powered by the proposed complex bidirectional gated recurrent unit (complex-biGRU) algorithm, ultrahigh single-lane data rates of 512 Gbps for short-reach fibre and, for the first time to the authors' knowledge, 400-Gbps high-speed wireless transmission have been achieved. Furthermore, high-density access is enabled by an all-optically assisted ultra-broadband wireless scheme. Real-time multichannel 8K video transmission is successfully demonstrated across 86 channels, seamlessly using a spectral range from 138 to 223 GHz. These findings in unified telecommunication development show the potential for the development of high-speed, densified and low-latency communication networks.
Topological interface states have attracted considerable attention for low-frequency vibration control owing to their ability to manipulate elastic waves. However, most reported topological structures operate in high-frequency Bragg scattering band gaps (BSBGs) of single-layer plates, limiting practical engineering use. To overcome this limitation, a novel metamaterial sandwich beam with elastic foundation (MSBF) is proposed, in which the lower beam is connected to the elastic foundation via rubber columns. The dispersion relation of an equivalent model is derived by using the transfer matrix method (TMM), revealing an ultra-wide quasi-static band gap (QSBG) starting from 0 Hz. By analyzing five folding points obtained from a band-folding mechanism with the finite element method, it is found that, after tuning the local resonator parameters, these folding points are opened to form five new band gaps, and the physical nature of some band gaps undergoes a transition. Interestingly, analysis of the edge modes and the Zak topological invariants show that not all of these band gaps can support the realization of topological interface states. Finally, vibration transmission experiments on a supercell composed of two topologically distinct unit cells confirm the presence of topological interface states within the local resonance band gap (LRBG), which appear as strongly localized features in the vibration transmission loss. The proposed MSBF provides a promising platform for low-frequency vibration suppression, signal sensing and energy harvesting in beams on elastic foundations in engineering structures.
Generative retrieval offers a new paradigm for e-commerce search by mapping user queries directly to product Semantic Identifiers (SIDs). However, e-commerce queries are often short, noisy, attribute-heavy, and associated with multiple category-consistent products, creating a substantial representation gap between natural-language shopping intent and artificially constructed item SIDs. Explicit Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning can help bridge this gap, but its extra generation cost is difficult to reconcile with the low-latency requirements of online e-commerce systems. To address this challenge, we propose CaLIR (Category-guided Latent Intent Reasoning), a category-guided latent intent reasoning framework for e-commerce generative retrieval. Rather than generating explicit textual rationales, CaLIR learns continuous latent intent states before SID decoding and uses product category hierarchies as a natural scaffold for coarse-to-fine intent reasoning. Specifically, we introduce hierarchical semantic reasoning to align latent states with category-level shopping intent, and query-wise reasoning enhancement to model diverse intent paths under multi-positive queries. CaLIR further combines a query-specific dynamic prefix trie, assembled from pre-indexed category-level tries, with reasoning-aware constrained decoding. Experiments on multilingual e-commerce search datasets show that CaLIR achieves a better balance between retrieval effectiveness and inference efficiency than existing methods, while also demonstrating transferability and robustness across induced hierarchies and different generative backbones.
Pinching antenna systems (PASS) have the advantages in the perspective of flexible antenna reconfiguration, line-of-sight (LoS) creation, and scalability features. To highlight the ascendancy of PASS, we survey the integration of PASS into non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) networks. The locations of nodes are randomly distributed within a circular coverage region. The influencing factors of line-of-sight (LoS) and non-line-of-sight (NLoS) propagation links from PASS to non-orthogonal nodes are taken into considered. To characterize performance of PASS-NOMA, we deduce the blockage probability and ergodic data rates expressions of two nodes over LoS/NLoS fading channels. In light of these theoretical results, the infinite diversity gain are also analyzed with near node n under non-ideal successive interference cancellation (NISIC) and far node f over LoS links. The slopes of ergodic data rate for node n with NISIC and node f were equal to zeros. In addition, the PASS-NOMA system throughput are evaluated in different transmission modes. It is shown from the numerical results that: 1) The blockage outage behaviors of PASS-NOMA networks with LoS/NLoS conditions outperform that of PASS aided traditional orthogonal multiple access (OMA); 2)The employment of PASS enables the larger ergodic data rates relative to PASS-OMA networks; and 3) As the quantity of pinching antennas rises, the performance of PASS-NOMA networks are enhanced over LoS/NLoS propagation links.
