Bhaikaka University is located in Karamsad, Anand district, Gujarat, India.
To assess the concordance and diagnosis acceptability of differential diagnoses (DDs) generated by artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots compared to expert neonatology physicians. Thirteen clinical cases from neonatology were developed, each with five expert-defined differential diagnoses. Seven AI chatbots (ChatGPT, Claude, Copilot, Deepseek, Gemini, Grok, Perplexity) were queried to provide their most probable diagnosis along with five DDs per case. Four neonatologists evaluated the chatbot responses. Concordance scores were assigned based on the ranking of chatbot diagnoses against expert-defined diagnoses. Diagnosis acceptability scores were based on the number of DDs deemed clinically acceptable. There were no statistically significant differences in the concordance (P = 0.205) or diagnosis acceptability (P = 0.297) scores across the seven chatbots. Chatbots had statistically significant discrepancies when compared to hypothetical values of 5, 4.5, and 4, with none of the chatbots achieving the desired concordance score of 80
Patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis are at an increased risk of cardiovascular complications due to volume overload. Lung ultrasound (LUS) has emerged as a non-invasive tool to assess extravascular lung water (EVLW) and manage fluid excess. This study aimed to validate LUS in a relatively asymptomatic day-care dialysis population and to correlate it with clinical parameters, ECHO/IVC metrics. This prospective pre-post intervention study was conducted in a dialysis unit, enrolling 93 eligible hemodialysis patients. The fluid status of all patients was evaluated by clinical examination, lung ultrasound, inferior vena cava (IVC) indices, and echocardiography pre and post-dialysis. The mean age was 48.20 ± 13.81 years with male predominance (n = 66,71
To increase the proportion of preterm infants achieving acceptable positioning [Infant Positioning Assessment Tool (IPAT) Score ≥8] from baseline 6
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is the ability of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, or parasites, to withstand the effects of multiple antimicrobial drugs that are commonly used to treat the infections they cause. As a result, these drugs become less effective or even ineffective against the pathogens. Overuse and misuse of antimicrobial agents are major contributors to MDR, leading to the frequent emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains. Therefore, there is an urgent need for innovative strategies in drug discovery and development to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Quorum sensing (QS) is a sophisticated bacterial communication system that regulates gene expression in response to population density. When signalling molecules bind to specific receptors, bacteria express genes involved in virulence factors such as biofilm formation, motility, and sporulation. This study aimed to identify bacterial isolates capable of inhibiting the QS system of Chromobacterium violaceum and clinically relevant pathogens. A total of 66 bacterial isolates were obtained from coastal soil and water samples collected from the Gujarat coastline (Surat, Dhuvaran, Diu and Bhavnagar). Qualitative and quantitative screening identified three isolates, SB1, SB6, and SD2, with anti-QS activity against C. violaceum MTCC 2656. Among them, Bacillus safensis subsp. osmophilus SD2 showed the strongest activity, inhibiting violacein pigment production by 60.85 ± 5.64
