Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital (Thai: โรงพยาบาลภูมิพลอดุลยเดช) is a hospital located in Sai Mai District, Bangkok, Thailand. It is a military hospital operated by the Directorate of Medical Services, The Royal Thai Air Force particularly for personnel of the Royal Thai Air Force, but also for the general public. It is a teaching hospital for Royal Thai Air Force Nursing College, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine as well as some clinical year (year 4-6) students of the Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, under the agreement between the Faculty of Medicine and the Directorate of Medical Services.Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital was served by the BTS Sukhumvit Line at Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital BTS Station since 16 December 2020.
Background:Despite widespread favipiravir (FPV) use for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Thailand, pediatric clinical evidence remains limited. Objectives:This study evaluated FPV's effectiveness and safety for treating COVID-19 in children and adolescents. Methods:This multicenter, retrospective, observational cohort study included patients ≤18 years old testing COVID-19 positive between July 2021 and December 2022 across 11 hospitals in Thailand. Patients were divided into those with and without chest X-ray-confirmed pneumonia. Patients who received FPV were treated with 35 mg/kg twice daily on day 1 and 15 mg/kg twice daily on days 2-5. Pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling estimated plasma exposure in children using scaled Thai adult data. Results:Of 2,999 patients, 68.2% had no pneumonia. FPV recipients (n = 1,886) were mostly <5 years old, had a fever, infected during the Omicron wave, had lower mean cycle threshold (Ct) values of SARS-CoV-2 gene at diagnosis, and hospitalized compared to non-recipients. FPV treatment significantly shortened fever duration and hospitalization in both pneumonia and non-pneumonia patients. For non-pneumonia patients, being <5 years old, and receiving FPV were associated with complete recovery at discharge. For pneumonia patients, a history of preterm birth, pulmonary disease, and ICU admission reduced the likelihood of complete recovery at discharge. No serious adverse events were reported. PK models predicted that FPV plasma trough concentrations in children ≥10 kg were above efficacy targets. Conclusions:Early FPV treatment shortened fever duration and hospital stays in children and adolescents with COVID-19, promoting clinical recovery in both pneumonia and non-pneumonia cases.
A unified consensus statement on medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) has not yet been established among the Asian member countries or regions of the Asian Federation of Osteoporosis Societies (AFOS). This study aimed to develop a consensus on MRONJ in patients with osteoporosis across these countries and regions. In this study, the term “Asia-Pacific” refers specifically to the Asian member countries and regions of AFOS. A structured survey consisting of nine MRONJ-related questions was distributed across 10 countries and regions to assess the level of agreement and summarize regional perspectives. In addition, a manual literature review and voting were conducted to evaluate the current evidence on MRONJ. The key aspects of MRONJ, including definition, staging, diagnosis, pathogenesis, risk factors, management, and prevention, were generally consistent among the AFOS countries and regions. The annual incidence and incidence rate of MRONJ associated with low-dose antiresorptive therapy in patients with osteoporosis ranged from 0.025% to 0.136% and 21 to 283 cases per 100,000 person-years, respectively. However, evidence regarding the benefits of drug discontinuation before dental surgery, such as tooth extraction, remains insufficient. Large-scale, multinational studies across AFOS countries and regions are warranted to determine the incidence of MRONJ better and evaluate the impact of antiresorptive drug discontinuation before dental procedures. These findings may contribute to the development of effective evidence-based strategies for preventing MRONJ in patients with osteoporosis.
Thanapong Somkijrungroj,1 Nuntachai Surawatsatien,1 Waraluck Supawatjariyakul,2 Thanaporn Wiriyabanditkul,3 Thananop Pothikamjorn41Center of Excellence in Retina, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand; 3Department of Ophthalmology, Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand; 4Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, ThailandCorrespondence: Thanapong Somkijrungroj, Center of Excellence in Retina, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, 1873 Rama IV Rd, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand, Tel +66 2256 4476, Email thanapong.s@chula.ac.thIntroduction: Traditional acuity charts may not fully capture visual performance during everyday digital device use. Digital screen–based assessments may better reflect contemporary visual demands, and display polarity may influence reading performance in patients with multifocal intraocular lenses (MF-IOLs). Furthermore, display polarities differ in luminance and contrast characteristics, which may influence pupil size and reading performance in patients with MF-IOLs. We aimed to compare digital visual acuity (VA) between positive (black-on-white) and negative (white-on-black) display polarities and evaluated reading speed and critical print size (CPS) in patients with bilateral diffractive MF-IOLs.Methods: In this non-randomized, observational study, consecutive participants who underwent bilateral diffractive MF-IOL (AcrySof IQ PanOptix) implantation with repeated assessments at postoperative day 1, week 1, month 1, and month 3. Monocular and binocular uncorrected and corrected distance, intermediate, and near VA were assessed using a Snellen chart and MNREAD application on an iPad. Reading acuity between display polarities was compared using paired t-tests, while reading speed and CPS were assessed using the positive display polarity.Results: Twenty-six participants completed the study. At 3 months, uncorrected distance VA was − 0.084 ± 0.079 logMAR. Digital VA at 60 cm and 40 cm was − 0.115 ± 0.104 and − 0.008 ± 0.084 logMAR, respectively. Reading performance did not differ significantly between positive and negative display polarities at 60 cm (p = 0.055). Mean CPS was 0.173 ± 0.0168 logMAR at 1 month and 0.238 ± 0.100 logMAR at 3 months. Mean reading speed was 84.63 ± 27.46 WPM at 1 month and 101.89 ± 72.62 WPM at 3 months (p = 0.133).Conclusions: Bilateral diffractive MF-IOLs provided favorable digital and conventional visual outcomes with small differences observed and were not considered clinically meaningful. Digital reading assessments provided complementary functional information, including reading speed and critical print size, without replacing conventional VA assessment.Keywords: digital acuity, digital reading, multifocal IOL, reading acuity, display polarity, reading speed, critical print size
