The study explored the use of Flipped Classroom (FC) approach in learning Economics by grade X students at Gaselo Higher Secondary School, Wangduephodrang, Bhutan employing a quasi-experimental design. The study found a significant mean difference between control (M = 9.5200, SD = 2.21491) and experiment group (M = 14.2273, SD = 3.48252) and the independent sample t-test indicated that this mean difference was significantly greater than zero [t(78) = 1.994, p = .000 < .05]. Further, the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test (Z = - 3.933, p < 0.001) and the one-way ANOVA (p < .05 [F(1, 78) = 38.447, p = 0.000]) revealed that there was a statistical significant difference in mean scores of the experiment and control groups. Thus, FC approach was effective in learning economic subjects and was also more effective than traditional face-to-face teacher centered learning. It is recommended that FC approach should be used as one of the most effective approaches to teach and learn economics. However, the present study focused on only grade X students, so a study may be carried out across the school to have a broader understanding of the subject.
In the present world of technology, students grow up with technological devices at home and in schools, which revolutionize the way they learn. Future education technology shall transform teaching and learning by providing teachers and students with a variety of new devices to work with. Thus, the study was designed to examine the impact of multimedia technology-integrated instruction on learning satisfaction of students studying at upper primary level in one of the countryside primary schools in Bhutan. A mixed methods research was adopted to ensure better understanding of the results. Following a purposive sampling technique, 45 students were selected as research samples. Over a period of three months, the participants were taught at least three lessons of science in a week using multimedia technology. Instruments such as open-ended questions and questionnaires were administered to assemble the data. The quantitative data collected from the questionnaire were analyzed and inferred using the inferential statistical t-test with significance p<0.05 and descriptive statistical mean and standard deviation. And qualitative data from open-ended questions were analyzed using the grounded theory coding system. The findings revealed that students were highly satisfied with learning science through multimedia technology, as it not only made the lessons easier to understand and lively to participate in, but also challenging and enjoyable. Furthermore, inferential statistics revealed that there was no statistically significant difference in satisfaction with learning between male and female students. Therefore, the researchers stipulated that the integration of multimedia technology assisted instruction had a large positive impact on increasing student learning satisfaction. The findings of this study were intended to inform curriculum reformers, educational leaders, and teachers with practical evidence that they should propose pedagogical change in classroom teaching and learning using multimedia technology.
Emerging Technologies (ETs) will play a vital role in improving existing sports devices. For finding ETs for challenged sportspersons the ergonomic aids were assessed by the researcher. The active and passive assistive devices were assessed namely Wheelchairs, Prosthetics of Upper and lower limp, and Racing Hand Cycles. This paper provides a brief assessment regarding the technological development and ETs for the benefit of the Paralympic sports person and also gives an outlook for the general challenged people in their day-to-day life.
This research primarily aims to examine teacher’s involvement level in co-curricular activities as co-curricular activities are considered one of the core components of the Bhutanese education system, where co-curricular activities promote enthusiasm, vitality, positive thinking, and team spirit which in turn, contribute to personality development [1]. Understanding teacher’s perspective and their work situation would strengthen the co-curricular activities in schools through proper directions and supports. Therefore, this research work was intended to see teacher’s involvement, interest, and training aspects in co-curricular activities. The report on “teacher’s involvement in co-curricular activities in the schools of Thimphu” consists of six chapters. Chapter1 states the importance of co-curricular activities in the education system and the rationale for conducting this study. It also highlights the importance of teachers in the education system. Chapter 2 talks about the background information on the research work through intensive literature review focusing on three objectives of the research. A similar kind of study, which was conducted in different countries is also reviewed and it was found that it has a strong correlation to our setting of the education system. Adequate evidence was brought into the discussion from various sources although such kinds of study weren’t conducted in Bhutan before. Through rigorous literature review, it was able to structure the research question and theoretical framework for this study. Chapter 3 discusses the research design, methodology, and analysis. For this study, a descriptive method was undertaken with a quantitative approach using survey questionnaires. The questionnaire was pre-tested and a reliability test for internal consistency was also carried out. The survey questionnaire was administered to about 120 teachers from eight different schools of Thimphu. Data analysis was carried out mostly through SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) and a Microsoft Excel sheet was also used for preparing tables and graphs for interpretation. Chapter 4 provides the main findings of the study. The summaries of the findings from this study are: Firstly, the demographic detail shows that 70.8% female and 29.2% male participated in this research and from which 56.7% of the teachers were from the age group of 31-40. The majority of respondents were B.Ed teachers and representation of school level was maintained somewhat equal. Secondly, the involvement in co-curricular activities was found very impressive as the mean score was recorded at 4.1. It also showed that 90.9% of teachers are very familiar with co-curricular activities in school. Thirdly it was also found that the teachers do adequate planning and devote their time to co-curricular programs. However, it was found that they desire motivation and reward systems to be in place as they were not motivated by the current situation. Fourthly the findings showed that the teachers are in dire need of more training and workshops to upgrade their knowledge and skills in co-curricular activities. Around 86.6% stated that they need specialized tutors to to carry out co-curricular activities in schools. Chapter 5 provides some practical recommendations based on the findings. The recommendations are particularly made on the areas like; empowerment in carrying out the co-curricular activities, motivation & reward system, provide enough training & workshops , create suitable timing for co-curricular activities and ministry to carry out study on the relevancy of co-curricular activities in schools. Chapter 6 discusses the limitations, significance & scope of the study, and ethical considerations. Finally, chapter 7 provides the conclusion.
In this paper we are discussing pandemic impact of COVID-19 on the budget of Hotel Sector in Indian Industry. Travel restrictions due to COVID-19 affect the hospitality, travel and tourism sectors in India and around the world. To mitigate the impact of the epidemic on the hospitality sector in India, Hotel conducted an in-depth survey with other domestic operators. The impact of the COVID -19 epidemics and the ensuing lockdown in the March quarter (Q1) of calendar 2020 released on Thursday has severely affected the Indian hotel and hospitality sector. The industry's key performance parameters, revenue per available room (RevPar), declined 18.5% in Q1. Hotels across the country have now been closed for the past five month and have to bear the rising fixed costs with essentially zero revenue. The Indian hotel sector departed smoothly in January 2019 after a record year in January 2019, with the 2020 target being even bigger. The country first began to feel the effects of the global COVID-19 upheaval in late February 2020, which worsened in early March. There has been a sharp decline in hotel business in major cities and by our estimates there has been a decline of 45 percent over the previous year. In such a short time, such a decline has never seen the decline of the sector.
