Founded as a junior college in 1935, the college plays an important local role, annually enrolling as many as one in nine San Francisco residents. CCSF is accredited by the Accrediting Commission for Community and Junior Colleges (ACCJC).Comprising the entire San Francisco Community College District, CCSF is the only community college in San Francisco. The Ocean Avenue campus, bordering the Sunnyside, Westwood Park and Ingleside neighborhoods, is the college's largest location. The college has other campuses in South San Francisco, Financial District, Little Saigon, South of Market, Bayview-Hunters Point, Marina District, North of Panhandle, and Mission District.CCSF offers courses in more than 50 academic programs and over 100 occupational disciplines. There is a wide selection of credit courses that lead to an associate degree, which can be used to meet the general education requirements for transfer to four-year institutions. City College of San Francisco has articulation agreements with the California State University system, the University of California system, and other private and public universities in California and across the United States. Free non-credit courses in subjects such as ESL and citizenship as well as adult education classes are also provided.
Small and mid-sized organizations often lack scalable and cost-effective security monitoring solutions capable of detecting early-stage behavioral anomalies. This work proposes a lightweight Python-based framework for anomaly detection in structured security event logs without requiring complex machine learning infrastructure. The framework integrates statistical baseline modeling, temporal behavior profiling, and rule-assisted deviation analysis to identify irregular authentication activity, access frequency shifts, and rare event occurrences. The framework is currently evaluated using controlled synthetic datasets. The proposed architecture emphasizes interpretability, modularity, and computational efficiency, providing an extensible foundation for anomaly detection in resource-constrained cybersecurity environments.
Microglia dynamically support brain health through the induction of specialized activation states in response to injury or disease. Activation of the interferon-responsive microglia (IRM) state has been identified across neurodevelopmental windows, age-related cognitive decline, and neurodegenerative diseases. Functionally, IRM have been linked to synaptic pruning, dead cell removal, and neuroinflammation, making this state critical to brain homeostasis. While the functional importance of this state is becoming increasingly clear, our understanding of the regulatory networks that govern IRM induction remain incomplete. To systematically identify genetic regulators of the IRM state, we conducted a genome-wide CRISPR interference screen in human iPSC-derived microglia using IFIT1 as a representative IRM marker. We identified 772 genes that modulate IRM, including canonical type I interferon signaling genes (IFNAR2, TYK2, STAT1/2, USP18) and newly described regulators. We uncovered a non-canonical role for the CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 10, CNOT10, in IRM activation. This work provides a comprehensive resource that can be applied to dissect the functions of interferon-responsive microglia and highlights both established and novel targets for modulating microglial interferon signaling in health and disease.
The retina is a thin layer of neural tissue at the back of the eye that detects visual stimuli and performs the first stage of processing information transmitted from the external environment [...]
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration and synaptic dysfunction that begins decades before clinical symptoms emerge. While AD research has traditionally focused on the brain, increasing evidence suggests that the retina undergoes pathological remodeling that shares features with cerebral changes. Advances in retinal imaging, including optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT angiography, and hyperspectral approaches, have identified structural, vascular, and functional abnormalities in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early-stage AD. This supports the potential utility of the retina as a non-invasive biomarker for detecting neurodegenerative processes. Furthermore, postmortem studies have demonstrated accumulation of amyloid-β and phosphorylated tau, increased vulnerability of retinal ganglion cells (RGC), synaptic alterations in the inner plexiform layer (IPL), and significant activation of glial cells and complement-mediated inflammatory pathways. Melanopsin RGCs appear to be selectively affected, suggesting a mechanistic link between retinal pathology and the circadian or sleep disturbances commonly observed in AD. This review synthesizes human clinical data from imaging, histopathological, and proteomic studies supporting retinal involvement in AD, with emphasis on convergent mechanisms, including mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, microglial activation, and synaptic degeneration. Key limitations and sources of variation in current retinal biomarker studies, including cohort heterogeneity, comorbid ocular disease, and methodological variability, are discussed, and future directions are outlined to strengthen retinal diagnostics and therapeutic monitoring of visual system dysfunction in AD.
