Directorate of Technical Education

The digital transformation of workplaces has fundamentally reshaped employee experiences, redefining motivation, well-being, and work–life balance. While technology enables flexibility and productivity, it also introduces challenges such as digital fatigue, blurred boundaries, and psychological strain. This chapter explores how organizations can build human-centric digital ecosystems that foster employee engagement, intrinsic motivation, and holistic well-being. Drawing from theories like self-determination and job demands–resources models, it highlights global best practices and strategies for sustainable digital workplaces. The chapter aims to contribute actionable insights for HR leaders, managers, and policymakers navigating the evolving dynamics of work in the digital age.

In this study, chitosan (CH) was synthesized by processing of fish-shrimp solid waste (shell). It was utilized in the preparation of polyethersulfone (PES)-based mixed matrix membrane (Mx/CHy) through the film casting method. The hydrophilicity of the membrane was modified by increasing the concentration of CH. The degree of deacetylation (DD

Laccases are lignolytic enzymes that catalyze and cleave various environmental pollutants. In this study, we isolated a novel laccase-producing bacterium, Bacillus aerius SP3, from compost soil using ABTS as the substrate. The production of extracellular laccase was improved through the one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) method and response surface methodology using the Box–Behnken design (BBD) in submerged fermentation. Optimization of medium components, including 20 g/L starch, 10 g/L peptone, 3.36 mM CuSO4, and 72-h incubation time, resulted in a 3.46-fold increase in extracellular laccase production compared with the unoptimized medium. The extracellular laccase obtained from the culture supernatant was purified through 60

Dry machining without cutting fluid is becoming increasingly popular, considering the environmental and health problems related to their use in conventional machining. Nickel 200 alloy material is highly corrosion-resistant with alkaline salt and neutral solutions, and aerospace and chemical processing industries use it. The main aim of this work is to investigate the effect of the turning parameters such as spindle speed, feed rate, and depth of cut on surface roughness, material removal rate, force, and temperature in dry turning operation on Nickel alloy 200 with Carbide CA6515 tool material. The design of Experiment (DOE) concept was utilized to plan the experimental runs via full factorial design. The response surface methodology is used to conduct the experiments with three levels of independent variables: spindle speed, feed rate, and depth of cut. The significant independent variable and interactions of independent variables are identified through the ANOVA table. Consequently, the relationship between independent and dependent variables is framed with regression analysis. Surface roughness and the rate of material removal in the machining of Nickel 200 alloy are affected by the spindle speed and depth of cut. The surface roughness value is the smallest when the federate level and the depth of cut are both minimal. Finally, the developed regression models were validated with experimental results. The validation results show that the developed regression models found good agreement with experimental results.

This paper presents an overview of solar biogas simulation and optimizing performance of biogas using a renewable energy source such as solar energy. Biogas has many benefits to our environment and climate. Biogas is a renewable fuel produced by the breakdown of organic matter such as food scraps and animal waste, and we can use the biogas to generate electricity. For simulation of biogas, we used RStoic and RCSTR rectors. A feed rate of 0.333 kg/day wet waste and 0.333 kg/day water was used to achieve the maximum biomethane (CH 4 ) production rate of 85.5627% at a temperature of 318.15 K and 15 days of batch process. In this simulation, we use solar energy to apply heat to the digester unit and provide proper preferable conditions. In this process, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide are additionally generated gases. Generated biomethane (CH 4 ) has many uses such as in biomethane filling stations. In 2015, approximately 697 biomethane (CH 4 ) filling stations used 0.16 billion m 3 of biomethane as a transportation fuel.