Federal University of Para

Accurate species identification is a challenge in megadiverse regions, where morphology alone can lead to overestimation or underestimation of biodiversity. In this context, the incorporation of molecular approaches, such as DNA barcoding, has been useful in accurately estimating regional biodiversity, revealing cryptic diversity, and enabling identification by non-specialists. This study generated a molecular database of fishes for Parque Nacional dos Lençóis Maranhenses and adjacent areas, based on sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Haplotype analyses were conducted using Maximum likelihood (ML), and the delimitation of Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) combined the following methods: Kimura 2-parameter model (K2P), Assemble Species by Automatic Partitioning (ASAP) and Poisson Tree Processes (PTP) methods, using K2P ≥ 2

The Amazon rainforest represents nearly 40

Abstract Human‐induced land‐use changes are a major driver of biodiversity loss in Amazonian freshwater ecosystems, while natural variation among aquatic environments also shapes community structure. We assessed how local habitat variables and land‐use impacts influence the functional and phylogenetic diversity of stream fish assemblages across 71 Amazonian streams. We quantified indices of functional diversity (functional richness, evenness, and divergence) and phylogenetic diversity (phylogenetic richness, mean phylogenetic distance, and nearest taxon distance), and evaluated their associations with environmental variables using generalized linear models. Our results revealed that human impacts in riparian zones were positively associated with functional richness but negatively associated with functional divergence, suggesting the addition of functionally similar species in disturbed environments. In contrast, phylogenetic diversity responded primarily to habitat heterogeneity: coarse litter was negatively associated with phylogenetic diversity, whereas undercut banks were positively associated with it, indicating that structural complexity supports phylogenetically diverse assemblages. Our findings emphasize the importance of habitat heterogeneity and riparian integrity to conserve evolutionary history and ecological functions in Amazonian streams.

PurposeGreen building labels (GBL) have gained substantial attention as a solution for promoting sustainability in the built environment. Therefore, many studies have been conducted on drivers for GBL adoption. However, there have been limited studies identifying the relationships between drivers. This study aims to develop a model of drivers to promote GBL adoption in developing countries, using Brazil as a case study. Unlike previous studies, the proposed model identifies the relationships between the drivers.Design/methodology/approachFollowing a comprehensive literature review, data were collected through a questionnaire survey with 78 professionals with green building experience. Validated interpretative structural modeling (VISM) was used to analyze the data.FindingsSix key constructs were identified as fundamental drivers for GBL adoption in Brazil: (1) market attractiveness, (2) optimization of the certification process, (3) intangible benefits, (4) institutional support, (5) environmental awareness and (6) cost reduction with GBL. Surprisingly, client demand is not a significant driver for GBL adoption.Originality/valueThe model analysis indicates that Brazil can contribute a valuable example for the world on how a national policy can increase stakeholder awareness of GBL. The model presents the drivers in three phases of implementation that could contribute to the adoption of GBL in Brazil, which may serve as a model for other developing countries. Furthermore, the study discusses the low client demand for GBL and how the developed model can help overcome this challenge. This driver model provides a basis for defining strategies that policymakers and practitioners can adopt to encourage GB certification to improve the environment, economy and human health. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by identifying the relationships between the drivers for GBL adoption.

Human activities such as land use changes and ongoing climate changes are expected to affect the physical and chemical characteristics of water, its quality, and the ecosystem processes in these ecosystems. This study aimed to evaluate the independent and interactive effects of pH and temperature on microbial decomposition, caddisfly shredder consumption, and survival in Neotropical streams. We tested the following hypotheses: (i) pH and temperature would independently affect microbial decomposition and shredder activity, and (ii) their combined increase would produce interactive effects, reducing shredder consumption and survival. We found no significant influence of pH or temperature on microbial decomposition, suggesting that microbes in these systems are adapted to a wide range of environmental conditions. However, a synergistic effect of pH and temperature was observed on shredder consumption and survival, with the greatest activity occurring at circumneutral pH and reduced under elevated temperatures. These findings highlight the importance of considering multiple environmental stressors to understand ecosystem processes in neotropical aquatic environments, as well as to support actions for the sustainable management and use of water resources.