Little information is known about the nesting behaviour of arctic and boreal bumblebee species. The arctic is an environment with hard eco-climatic constraints notably for bumblebees. Here, we describe the nest of a common circum boreal species, Bombus lapponicus. A natural nest was discovered from an abandoned rodent nest (Microtus oeconomus) at 560 m. at Björkliden (Sweden) on June 14, 2021. The nest was 10 cm under the ground and at the end of a 1-meter-long sinuous tunnel. When discovered, the nest was wrapped in rodent straw and consisted of a nectar pot and 11 cells. The architecture of the brood had a horseshoe shape, consistent with other bumblebee nests already described. Before nest excavation, we observed the queen's comings and goings during a whole day to determine the time spent inside the nest to take care of the brood and the time spent outside to collect nutritive resources. The development of the brood was continued in the laboratory until the emergence of sexuates.
To the editor, I agree with Lane when he writes that the operative criteria for diagnosing chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) are unsatisfactory. Some patients who have been assigned this label may be better described as having depression or somatization, and this mislabeling prejudices the understanding of CFS in cross-sectional studies.1 Lane is presumably referring to the definition of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, with its concentration on physical symptoms.2 This definition also is not all that helpful in assigning a label to individuals for the purposes of estimating prognosis or deciding on treatment because the physical symptoms cited are nonspecific. Ideally, the definition of a particular disease should be founded on an understanding of the underlying pathologic mechanism of that disease. On the basis of the studies of Fulcher and White,3 Lane postulates a metabolic myopathy in some patients with CFS (to add to the many other pathologic mechanisms that have been postulated in the past),2 but acknowledges that for many patients with CFS, myopathy may not be an underlying causative factor. At present, the only abnormal physical signs that people with CFS commonly manifest are those related to deconditioning. Until or unless we identify some additional abnormal physical process that is shared by all people with CFS, we need to use a definition based on what else they have in common: their cognition and their behavior. Their cognition includes greater sensitivity to body sensations, an increased importance attributed to these symptoms, and a belief that exercise is harmful and rest is therapeutic. Their behavior reflects that belief. The successful response of most CFS people to cognitive behavior therapy2 supports my contention that this is a useful and adequately accurate definition.
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Debbie doesn't know t h a t Cipramil ... she just knows her doctor made a logical choice i s now indicated f o r As a patient with Panic Disorder, Debbie is beginning t o appreciate the value of the Cipramil treatment that her doctor has newly prescribed.Of course, Debbie would no more talk of the recently extended indication for Cipramil than its high selectivity'.',good tolerability', and low risk of drug interactions'.".She just recognises the difference that Cipramil makes t o the stability and quality of her life.panic '-.I citalopram disorder now indicated for panic disorder Rmnb(*r: 'Cipnmir tablets 10 mg: R 0458/0057.each containing 10 mg of otlbpnm as the hydmbmmide.a d k a ~m i a s .Oonotusewithoruithin 1 4 d y r o f Winhibiton: I m a s e m d a y g a p k l o r e s t a r t i q W 28 (OP) 10 m# tablets f 12.77.'Cioramil' tablets 20 mg: R 0458/0050.m h wntlinlng 20 rw d mlooram as the inhibitor bcrDnmt.Use a La. starting dose for plnic disorder, to d u c c the IMhood d an i*I andogmk r(hcc hydmkid;.21) (OP) 20 mg tablets U1.28.M*.donr: Tm-mmt of dep-i ~n i s s in ihc initiaiphase and as mmntmuwc against dapse/recurr~~c.Tnrbnat of pnic disorder, with or wthwt ~~onphobi.. 4 nwtkg 20 mg a day.Dcpmding upon individual patient response.this nuy k inuwsed in 20 mg inme menk to a nuaimum of 60 mg.Tablets should not k chewed, a d should k taken as a nnglc oral daily dou, in the romiq or mniq nithwt nplrd for food.Treatment for at k t 6 months is usually necessary to pfwidc adqwtc ~~.~t t h c ~I f o r ~p r c .I k ( S C a n * ~I O n w ~& i l y f o r t k H r s t w e e k .i ~a n g t o 2 0 m g &k-uponindividurlplt*nt-,dovgenuykfurthcr~ncnrvdtoa muimumd60mgMly.~u p o n W w l ~~.n n u y k m c r v r y m c a r ( i n u c b c l V M f o r r m ( m o n t m .~Z Q m g a day incrmlng to 8 nudmum of 40 mq dependent upon tndmdual ptient mewonre.QMdnn: not ncommmded.lrlrcrl hudf/maal fuatbm Rnhict dowae to h e r md of fame in hepllic lmwirment.Dmrae ldiurbmnt not (npirmad by some pltintr) +;tarring phana~othnap~.D n q In(ww(loclc: W inhibitors (we &utions).Use lithium and Uyptoph.n with aution.WM numitoting of lithium Lmlr md not k djustd.lUurr hntr: Most commonly musea.sweating, bnnor, somndmce a d dry muth.With citabpnm.&em cffKb am in gmml mild a d transient.Wkm they acur, t h y are #nor1 prominent during the fiat hO weeks of tmbnmt a d urcully a a n w t e as the dcpnuive state impmun.mcidolc.Treatmmt k s p p b m l k and supportin.b d y gasttic lavage luppatrd.
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