Gentofte Hospital (Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte) is located in Gentofte within Copenhagen in Denmark. Administratively, it is part of the hospital service of Region Hovedstaden. The hospital primarily serves the municipalities of Gentofte, Lyngby-Taarbæk, and Rudersdal, with a population of about 175,000.
The present guideline summarizes all aspects of patch testing for the diagnosis of contact allergy in patients suspected of suffering, or having been suffering, from allergic contact dermatitis or other delayed-type hypersensitivity skin and mucosal conditions. Sections with brief descriptions and discussions of different pertinent topics are followed by a highlighted short practical recommendation. Topics comprise, after an introduction with important definitions, materials, technique, modifications of epicutaneous testing, individual factors influencing the patch test outcome or necessitating special considerations, children, patients with occupational contact dermatitis and drug eruptions as special groups, patch testing of materials brought in by the patient, adverse effects of patch testing, and the final evaluation and patient counselling based on this judgement. Finally, short reference is made to aspects of (continuing) medical education and to electronic collection of data for epidemiological surveillance.
Critically ill patients with acute leukemia often require an intensive care unit (ICU) admission. As major therapeutic advances have been made during the last decades, the aim of this study was to assess temporal trends in ICU mortality, and identify prognostic factors to inform clinician decision-making. We conducted an individual participant data meta-analysis of studies including adults with acute leukemia admitted to the ICU. Patients with a history of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation were excluded. Mixed-effects logistic regression models, accounting for center of ICU admission as a random variable, evaluated factors associated with ICU mortality, with particular focus on year of ICU admission, age (> 65 years) and invasive mechanical ventilation. A total of 2003 patients from 55 ICUs across 19 countries were included (median age 58 years [IQR 44–67]; 72
Oral Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) have proven effective in the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) in multiple clinical trials, providing rapid response, deep efficacy when given at the highest formulated dose, and in the case of abrocitinib and upadacitinib, superiority to biologics treatments in the first 4–16 weeks. However, it is unclear how this translates to real-world efficacy and safety. To assess the real-world effectiveness and safety of abrocitinib, baricitinib and upadacitinib in the treatment of AD. PubMed and EMBASE were systematically searched from inception until 3 January 2025 for observational studies investigating effectiveness and safety of abrocitinib, baricitinib and upadacitinib for the treatment of AD. The primary outcomes were the proportion of patients achieving a ≥ 75
Axillary nodal status is a key prognostic factor in women with breast cancer and is most commonly assessed by sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). However, non-detection of the sentinel node occurs in 1-13% of cases and remains insufficiently addressed in international clinical guidelines. This scoping review maps the existing evidence on axillary sampling (AS) as an alternative axillary staging strategy when the sentinel node cannot be identified. A structured literature search was conducted in PubMed to identify studies evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of AS in comparison with SLNB and axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in clinically node-negative breast cancer. Nine studies, reported in ten publications, met the eligibility criteria. Across the included literature, AS demonstrated high sensitivity and low false-negative rates, particularly when four or more lymph nodes were removed. The diagnostic performance of AS was comparable to ALND and slightly inferior to SLNB. Overall, the available evidence suggests that AS may represent a feasible alternative for axillary staging in cases of sentinel node non-detection. However, the evidence base is limited and largely derived from older studies, highlighting the need for contemporary research to inform clinical practice and guideline development.
Smoking and obesity are associated with risk of hidradenitis suppurativa, and both are considered important environmental risk factors. However, a causal relationship remains unproven. To primarily investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI, calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) and smoking and HS, and secondarily to investigate potential relationships between 3 inflammatory diseases (psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], and systemic sclerosis [SSc]) and HS. A mendelian randomization (MR) study conducted in 2024 on 5 exposure phenotypes (BMI, smoking, psoriasis, IBD, and SSc) on the outcome of phenotype HS was conducted. The MR analyses used large genetic White European cohorts from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of each of the 6 phenotypes. Initial analyses were conducted May, 2024, and were updated in May, 2025. The 5 exposure phenotypes using predetermined genome-wide significant single-nucleotide variants as proxies for each particular exposure. The GWAS on HS included 4814 case patients and more than 1.2 million controls from Denmark, Iceland, Finland, the UK, and the US. The BMI GWAS involved 700 000 individuals from the UK Biobank and GIANT consortium. Smoking data were obtained from 1.23 million participants in an international consortium. The psoriasis GWAS analyzed 39 498 case patients and 286 769 controls from White European populations and a DNA genetic testing company. The IBD GWAS meta-analysis included 38 155 case patients and 48 485 controls from the International Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Genetics Consortium. The SSc GWAS included 9095 case patients and 17 584 controls from White European populations. Genetic correlations ( r g ) were found between HS and all exposure phenotypes except SSc (BMI: r g = 0.36, P < .001; smoking: r g = 0.33, P < .001; IBD: r g = 0.25, P < .001; psoriasis: r g = 0.34, P < .001; SSc: r g = 0.33, P = .22). MR analyses supported an effect of BMI on HS (β = 0.87; odds ratio [OR] per BMI unit, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.17-1.23; P < .001) without signs of pleiotropy (slope: β = 0.91, P < .001, P for intercept = .76). Smoking showed a significant causal estimate (β = 0.59, P < .001), but results became inconclusive in subsequent sensitivity analyses. Among IBD, psoriasis, and SSc, results supported a causal effect of IBD on HS (β = 0.18, OR = 1.20; 95% CI, 1.15-1.24; P < .001), without signs of pleiotropy. These findings indicate causal effects of IBD and increased BMI on the risk of HS. This information may help physicians inform patients about disease risk contributed by modifiable lifestyle behaviors, which can be beneficial for planning lifestyle interventions.
