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In this manuscript, we report a new series of palladium(II)-based macrocyclic complexes synthesized via template condensation of isatin or its derivatives i.e., 5-bromoisatin and 5-chloroisatin with 1,13-diamino-4,7,10-trioxatridecane in the presence of [Pd(OAc)2]3 salt as the metal template. The structural characterization of these complexes has performed using elemental analysis, UV–Vis, FTIR, NMR, and mass spectrometry, confirming their structural integrity and composition. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns confirmed the non-crystalline nature of all the reported complexes. These complexes were evaluated for their biological activity. Antidiabetic activity was observed in preliminary screening. Antioxidant potential was assessed using the DPPH free-radical scavenging assay, where the complexes showed moderate activity. Anticancer activity was examined against MCF-7 human breast adenocarcinoma cell lines using the MTT assay (Averin Biotech, Hyderabad), and the complexes exhibited cytotoxic effects under the tested conditions. Overall, these preliminary findings suggest that the complexes merit further investigation to explore their potential in diverse biological applications.
The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 3,200 new measurements from 903 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as supersymmetric particles, heavy bosons, axions, dark photons, etc. Particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Higgs Boson Physics, Supersymmetry, Grand Unified Theories, Neutrino Mixing, Dark Energy, Dark Matter, Cosmology, Particle Detectors, Colliders, Probability and Statistics. Most of the 118 reviews are updated, including many that are heavily revised. The Review is divided into two volumes. Volume 1 includes the Summary Tables and 96 review articles. Volume 2 consists of the Particle Listings and contains also 22 reviews that address specific aspects of the data presented in the Listings. The complete Review (both volumes) is published online on the website of the Particle Data Group ( pdg.lbl.gov ) and in a journal. Volume 1 is available in print as the PDG Book. A Particle Physics Booklet with the Summary Tables and essential tables, figures, and equations from selected review articles is available in print, as a web version optimized for use on phones, and as an Android app. The PDG API (Application Programming Interface) provides access to the data published in the Review in machine-readable format.
Systematic expansion schemes in functional approaches require the inclusion of non-classical tensor structures for relevant vertices. Each vertex has to be expanded in an appropriate tensor basis with a rapidly increasing number of basis elements. In contrast, classical actions typically only contain one of many tensor structures of a given vertex. Among the related tasks are the construction of bases and projection operators, the importance ordering of their elements, and the optimisation of such tensor bases, as well as an analysis of their regularity in momentum space. We present progress in all these directions and introduce the Mathematica package TensorBases designed for the aforementioned tasks.
We present an update of our lattice QCD determination of the hadronic contribution to the running of the electromagnetic coupling, Δα_had^(5)(-Q^2), and of the electroweak mixing angle in the space-like momentum region up to Q^2=12 GeV^2. The calculation is based on CLS ensembles with N_f=2+1 flavours of O(a)-improved Wilson fermions, covering five lattice spacings between 0.039 and 0.085 fm and a range of pion masses, including the physical point. A refined analysis employing a telescopic window strategy allows for a clean separation of systematic effects across Euclidean distance scales. Statistical precision is further enhanced through low-mode averaging, combined with a spectral reconstruction of the vector-vector correlator at long distances on the most chiral ensembles. We confirm significant tensions of up to 7σ at space-like virtualities around Q^2= 1 GeV^2 between our lattice results for Δα_had^(5)(-Q^2) and the corresponding data-driven estimates based on e^+e^- cross section data. Combining our lattice data with perturbative QCD via the Euclidean split technique, we obtain at the Z-pole Δα_had^(5)(M_Z^2) = 0.027813(33)_lat(35)_pQCD, which is more than two times more precise than recent data-driven estimates. Our result deviates slightly, by 1-2σ, from the value produced by global electroweak fits. For the electroweak mixing angle, we present the hadronic contribution to its running and provide a precise determination of the octet-singlet mixing component ^(0,8), in good agreement with phenomenological models but with significantly higher precision.
The production of light hypernuclei in relativistic heavy-ion collisions provides a unique opportunity to probe hyperon-nucleon interactions and possible three-body forces, which are central to the resolution of the hyperon puzzle in neutron star matter. In this work, we develop a data-guided coalescence framework in which the source size is extracted from proton and deuteron yields and used, together with measured proton and A spectra, to predict the production of A = 3 nuclei (t, He-3) and hypernuclei (H-3(Lambda)) in root s(NN) = 3-200 GeV Au + Au collisions. For tritons, calculations with a Gaussian wave function reproduce experimental spectra and yield ratios across this energy range. For the hypertriton, the model predictions are highly sensitive to the assumed wave function. This sensitivity is strongest at low collision energies and in low-multiplicity environments, implying that such conditions are particularly valuable for probing hypernuclear structure.
