汉南大学

We construct non-negative weak solutions of fast diffusion equations with a divergence type of drift term satisfying the L-q-energy inequality and speed estimate in Wasserstein spaces under some integrability conditions on the drift term. Furthermore, in the case that the drift term has a divergence-free structure, it turns out that its integrability conditions can be relaxed, which is also applicable to porous medium equations, thereby improving previous results. As an application, the existence of weak solutions is also discussed for a viscous Boussinesq system of the fast diffusion type.

A key characteristic of membrane proteins in various intracellular organelles is their topology. The topology of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged transmembrane proteins in membranous organelles can be elucidated using various methods, including protease protection and fluorescence protease protection assays. However, there is still a lack of a simple method to identify topology without disrupting the membrane of the plasma membrane and intracellular organelles, including endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. In this study, we demonstrate that GFP nanobody (GNb) fused to mCherry (GNb-mCherry) can be used to identify the topology of GFP-fused membrane proteins in cells. We first demonstrate that cytosolically expressed GNb- mCherry can discriminate cytoplasmic or extracellular or luminal side localization of GFP in GFP-fused plasma using this assay, we could determine the topology of PRMT8(N20)-GFP in the plasma membrane and mitochondria. Overall, GNb-mCherry can be a useful tool for identifying the topology of GFP-fused membrane proteins in intracellular organelles in cells.

Taking inspiration from biological structures, self-assembled nano-objects promise application potential, e.g., in selective catalysis, smart materials, and drug delivery. While integrating multiple different building blocks greatly enhances their versatility, it is a challenge to design low-symmetry multicomponent structures without generating statistical mixtures. Based on adjacent backbone interactions (ABIs), we introduce here a series of integratively self-sorted PdnL2n (n = 3, 4) assemblies, each comprising two distinct, easily accessible ligands. In these Pd3A2B4 isosceles triangles and Pd4A4C4 pseudo-tetrahedra, one ligand is always chiral. Noteworthy, the triangular structures contrast previously described heteroleptic Pd3L6 assemblies in that the two differentiable ligands are not contained in equal stoichiometries. The chiral assemblies bind and strongly discriminate chiral guests. They can coexist orthogonally, leading to cage populations under heteromeric narcissistic self-sorting. We further present a computational toy model toward structure prediction of such assemblies, opening avenues for the rational design of discrete metallosupramolecular three-dimensional architectures.

This study investigates the spatiotemporal characteristics and travel patterns of micro-electric vehicles (micro-EVs) by analyzing real-world trip data collected over three years from shared micro-EV services operating in three regions of South Korea. Individual trips were extracted from GPS-based trajectory data, and a network-based detour ratio was introduced to capture non-linear trip characteristics. In addition, a hierarchical clustering analysis was applied to identify heterogeneous micro-EV trip patterns. The results show that micro-EVs are predominantly used for short-distance urban trips, while a smaller but behaviorally distinct subset of trips demonstrates their capacity to support medium-distance travel under specific functional contexts. The clustering analysis identified six distinct trip pattern groups, ranging from dominant short-distance routine travel to less frequent patterns associated with adverse weather conditions and extreme detouring behavior. Overall, the findings suggest that micro-EVs function as a complementary urban mobility mode, primarily supporting localized travel while selectively accommodating extended-range and specialized trips. From a sustainability perspective, these findings highlight the role of micro-EVs as energy-efficient, low-emission alternatives to conventional passenger vehicles for short- and medium-distance urban trips. By empirically identifying heterogeneous and long-tailed micro-EV travel patterns, this study provides practical insights for sustainable urban mobility design and environmentally responsible transportation policies.

Air electrode is the critical bottleneck for reversible proton ceramic electrochemical cells (R-PCEC) because of the insufficient catalytic activity and durability, especially at low temperatures. This study addresses this challenge by introducing Ni to prepare BaFe0.8-xNixSn0.2O3-delta (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) perovskite oxides. We demonstrate experimentally and theoretically that the appropriate amount of Ni doping (BaFe0.6Ni0.2Sn0.2O3-delta (BFSN20)) can effectively increase the electronic conductivity, oxygen vacancy concentration and hydration ability, thereby promoting performance. The R-PCECs using the BFSN20 air electrode exhibit excellent performance in both the fuel cell mode (1.57 W cm- 2 at 700 degrees C) and the electrolysis mode (-3.17 A cm- 2 under 3 % H2O/air and -4.02 A cm- 2 10 % H2O/air at 1.4 V at 700 degrees C), as well as exceptional long-term durability and reversible cycling test. These results establish the BFSN20 air electrode as a promising candidate for R-PCEC applications, providing new design concepts and a theoretical foundation for developing efficient reversible proton ceramic cell air electrodes.